Rajasthan

Appearance

  • Census 2011 Highlights

    • 15th census overall; 7th since India's independence (1951).
    • Initiated in 1872 during Lord Mayo's tenure.
    • First decennial census in 1881 during Lord Ripon's tenure.
    • First Census Commissioner of India: W.C. Plowden.
    • 1921 designated as "Great Divide" year (महाविभाजक वर्ष) due to population decrease.
    • 2011 Census Commissioner: C. Chandramouli.
    • Motto: "Our Census, Our Future" (हमारी जनगणना, हमारा भविष्य).
    • India's population: 121.09 crore (second globally at the time).
    • Decadal growth rate (2001-2011): 17.7%.
    • Population by gender: Males 51.47%, Females 48.53%.
    • Area (State/UT):
      • Largest state: Rajasthan.
      • Smallest state: Goa.
      • Largest UT: Ladakh.
      • Smallest UT: Lakshadweep.
    • Population (State-wise):
      • Highest: Uttar Pradesh (16.51% of India's population), Maharashtra, Bihar, West Bengal.
      • Lowest: Sikkim (0.05%), Mizoram, Arunachal Pradesh, Goa.
    • Decadal Growth Rate (State-wise):
      • Highest: Meghalaya (27.9%).
      • Lowest: Nagaland (-0.6%) – the only state with negative growth.
    • Population Density:
      • India: 382 persons per sq km.
      • Highest state: Bihar (1106 per sq km).
      • Lowest state: Arunachal Pradesh (17 per sq km).
      • Highest UT: Delhi.
      • Lowest UT: Lakshadweep.
    • Sex Ratio:
      • India: 943 females per 1000 males.
      • Highest state: Kerala (1084) – the only state with over 1000.
      • Lowest state: Haryana (879).
    • Child Sex Ratio (0-6 years):
      • Highest: Arunachal Pradesh (972).
      • Lowest: Haryana (834).
    • Literacy Rate:
      • India: 73% (Males 80.09%, Females 64.60%).
      • Highest state: Kerala (94%).
      • Lowest state: Bihar (61.80%).
    • Rural Population (as % of state population):
      • Highest: Himachal Pradesh (90%).
    • Urban Population:
      • Highest (as % of state population): Goa (62%).
      • Highest (absolute number): Maharashtra (5.08 crore).
    • Scheduled Caste (SC) Population:
      • Highest (absolute number): Uttar Pradesh (approx. 5.25 crore).
      • Highest (as % of state population): Punjab (31.9%).
    • Scheduled Tribe (ST) Population:
      • Highest (absolute number): Madhya Pradesh (approx. 1.5 crore).
      • Highest (as % of state population): Mizoram (94%).

  • International Appointments

    • Inga Ruginiene approved as the new Prime Minister of Lithuania.
      • Lithuania is a Baltic country (along with Latvia and Estonia), with its capital at Vilnius.

  • Environment and Climate Change

    • National Designated Authority (NDA): Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change established NDA to implement the carbon emission trading system.
      • Mandated by Article 6.4 of the Paris Agreement (COP21, 2015).
      • COP29 (Baku, Azerbaijan) passed the establishment of such an authority.
      • Headed by the Secretary of the Environment Ministry, with 21 members.
      • Current Minister: Dr. Bhupender Yadav.
    • Conferences of the Parties (COP):
      • COP30: Brazil.
      • COP1 (1995): Berlin, Germany.
      • COP3 (1997): Kyoto, Japan (led to Kyoto Protocol).
      • COP8 (2002): Delhi, India.

  • Infrastructure and Education

    • Project Aarohan: Launched by the National Highways Authority of India (NHAI).
      • Objective: Support the education of children of toll plaza employees.
      • NHAI was established in 1995 under the 1988 Act; current head is Santosh Kumar Yadav.

  • Anti-Narcotics Operations

    • Operation Rainbow: Launched by the Directorate of Revenue Intelligence (DRI) in Delhi.
      • Objective: Seize narcotic substances. ₹40 crore worth of cocaine seized, being delivered hidden in soft toys.
    • Other Operations:
      • Operation Brahma: Myanmar.
      • Operation Meghdoot (1984): Siachen Glacier.
      • Operation Trident (1971): Destroyed Karachi Port (observed as Indian Navy Day on Dec 4).
      • Operation Pawan: Sri Lanka.
      • Operation Cactus: Maldives (to prevent a coup).
      • Operation Sindhu: Iran (evacuation of Indians).
      • Operation Hawk: CBI, against child sexual exploitation.
      • Operations Kalar, Mahadev, Shiv Shakti: Jammu & Kashmir (counter-terrorism).
      • Operation Sindoor: PoK (destruction of terror hideouts).
      • Operation Rising Lion: Israel's attack on Iran.
      • Operation Midnight Hammer: USA's attack on Iranian nuclear sites.
      • Operation Ajay: Evacuation of Indians from Israel.
      • Operation Dost: Aid to Turkey-Syria earthquake victims.
      • Operation Black Forest: Telangana-Chhattisgarh border (to end Naxalism).
      • Operation Chakra: CBI, against cyber fraud.
      • Operation Sudarshan Chakra: Launched by PM Modi on Aug 15 to strengthen India's air defense.

  • Sports

    • FIDE World Cup 2025 (Chess): Goa, India, will host (October-November). India is hosting for the second time; previously Hyderabad in 2002 (when Viswanathan Anand won).
    • Chess World Championship 2024: Held in Singapore; D. Gukesh won against Ding Liren.
    • FIDE Women's Chess World Cup: Held in Batumi, Georgia; Divya Deshmukh won, Koneru Humpy was runner-up.
    • SFF U19 Championship 2025: India won against Bangladesh.
    • Shooting World Junior World Cup 2025 (Germany): India secured 1st place in the point table.
    • Champions Trophy 2025: India (implied winner).

  • Tourism

    • Indian Association for Tour Operators (IATO): Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, will host the 41st Annual Convention in 2026.
      • Previous (40th): Puri, Odisha.
      • Objective: Increase tourism to $3 trillion by 2047. Established in 1982.
    • Divya Kala Mela (26th): Organized in Patna (Gandhi Maidan) for entrepreneurs with disabilities.

  • Culture and Heritage

    • First International Pali Studies Conference: Held in Kandy, Sri Lanka (for the study of Pali language resources).
    • UNESCO Water Heritage Museum (International Network): Kozhikode became the third Indian museum to join (after Pune and Udaipur).
    • Ayurveda Day: Now fixed on September 23 (previously observed on Dhanteras).

  • Science and Technology

    • First Commercial Scale E-Methanol Plant: Denmark.
    • First Human Bladder Transplant: USA.
    • ONGC Oil and Gas Discovery: Mumbai offshore basin.
    • AI 3D Video Communication Platform "Beam": Launched by Google.
    • ISRO's IADT-1: For the Gaganyaan Mission.

  • Health

    • WHO Certification for India: Declared Trachoma-free (eye disease).

  • Appointments and Promotions

    • Neeraj Chopra: Promoted to Lieutenant Colonel in the Indian Army.

  • Urban Development and Environment

    • Biodiversity Index (City): Chennai, Tamil Nadu, became the first city to launch it.
      • Launched by CM Stalin; based on 23 indicators with 2024 as the base year.
      • Tamil Nadu National Parks: Mudumalai, Mukurthi, Gulf of Mannar, Guindy.

  • Obituaries

    • Kutty Mathan (Kani Tribal Community, Kerala): Passed away at 72. Discovered "Arogya Pacha" (power-giving/fatigue-removing plant), used in 'Jeevani' herbal medicine.
    • Dr. Jayant Narlikar: Renowned astronomer, passed away in Pune.

  • Books and Awards

    • "May a Million Birds Bloom" (Coffee Table Book): Launched by Anand Mahindra. Based on "Project Nanhi Kali" (started 1996 by Anand Mahindra for girls' holistic education), compiled by Nitya Manoj Kumar.
    • "A Cricketer's Wife's Story": Book by Cheteshwar Pujara's wife.
    • Palme d'Or Award (Cannes Film Festival): Awarded to Jafar Panahi (Iran).

  • Miscellaneous

    • First Psychiatric Garden: Uttarakhand.
    • India's First Vistadome Jungle Safari Train: Uttar Pradesh.
    • Largest Aerospace Grade Titanium Unit: Lucknow.
    • E-FIR Initiative (GeZero FIR): Launched by Home Minister Amit Shah, related to cybercrime.
    • NB.1.8.1 and LF.7: COVID-19 variants observed in Europe.
    • Malaysian Badminton Stars 2025 (Men's Singles Runner-up): Kidambi Srikanth (India).
    • PM SVANidhi Scheme (Street Vendors Atmanirbhar Nidhi Yojana): Union Cabinet approved restructuring and extension until 2030 (started 2020 during COVID-19).
      • Loan amounts: ₹10,000-₹15,000 (1st tranche), ₹25,000 (2nd), ₹50,000 (3rd).
    • Yala Glacier (Asia's First Declared Dead): Nepal.
    • Illinois Tech University: First US university to start operations in India.
    • First Gene-Edited Sheep: Developed at Sher-e-Kashmir University, J&K.
    • Panchshool Pulse FM Radio Station (Indian Army): Launched in Uttarakhand.
    • Chagos Islands: UK agreed to hand over to Mauritius.