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Industries
- General Introduction
- Classification of Industries
- Industrial Development
- Other Important Facts
A. General Introduction
- Rajasthan is a backward state in terms of industrial development because:
- Adverse climatic conditions are found in Rajasthan.
- Lack of basic infrastructure
- Low investment in the industrial sector.
- Lack of skilled workers.
- Kota is called the "Industrial City" of Rajasthan due to rapid industrial development.
Currently in Rajasthan:
- Highest Industries/Centers: Jaipur
- Highest Large Scale Industries: Alwar
B. Classification of Industries
| Based on Size | Based on Manufacturing | Based on Ownership |
|---|
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1. Based on Size
- Industries are divided into three parts based on size, the basis of which is capital and turnover.
| Industry | Capital / Investment | Turnover |
|---|---|---|
| (a) Small Scale | 1 crore | 5 crores |
| (b) Medium Scale | 1-10 crore | 5-50 crores |
| (c) Large Scale | 10-50 crore | 50-250 crores |
- Cottage Industries: Industries based on low technology, the purpose of which is to make a livelihood rather than profit.
2. Based on Manufacturing:
- Industries are classified based on raw materials based on manufacturing.
- Agricultural Based Industries, Mineral Based Industries, Forest Produce Based Industries, Engineering/Technical Industries, Chemical Fertilizer Industries
- 1. Agriculture Based Industries:
- Cotton Textile Industry
- Sugar Industry
- Wool Industry
- Vanaspati Ghee and Mustard Oil Industry
- Dairy Industry 6. Biodiesel 7. Olive Oil Industry
- 2. Cotton Textile Industry: (Raw Material - Cotton)
- First cotton textile mill - "The Krishna Cotton Mill"
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- Rajasthan ka Bhugol
- Establishment: 1889 (Beawar, Ajmer)
- Founder: Seth Damodar Das Rathi and Colonel Dixon | Industry Type | |----------------------------------| |Edward Mill (Beawar - 1906)| Vijaynagar Mill (Beawar) |Mahalaxmi Mill (Beawar)| |Rajasthan Cooperative Spinning Mill, Gulabpura (Bhilwara-1965) | Gangapur Cooperative Spinning Mill (Bhilwara-1981)| Sri Ganganagar Cooperative Spinning Mill (Hanumangarh -1978)| Gulabpura Spinning & Ginning Cooperative Mill
SPINFED (Rajasthan State Cooperative Spinning & Ginning Mills Federation Ltd.)
* **Establishment:** April 1, 1993
It is a union of cooperative cotton textile mills.
Other Important Facts:
- The cotton textile industry is the largest agro-based industry.
- It is a traditional industry.
- Women are employed the most in this industry.
Maharaja Umaid Mills Limited - (Pali) (1939 (largest cotton textile mill in Rajasthan))
NOTE: Bhilwara is called the Manchester/Textile City of Rajasthan.
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3. Sugar Industry:
(Raw Material - Sugarcane and Beetroot)
Sugar Mills in Rajasthan: * Bhopalsagar Sugar Mill (1932) (Chittorgarh) *First Private Sugar Mill * Udaipur Sugar Mill (1976) * Gangapur Sugar Mill (1937) Sri Ganganagar *First Public Sugar Mill (1956) * Keshoraipatan Sugar Mill (1965, Bundi) * First Cooperative Sugar Mill
Note: Ganganagar Sugar Mill is the only sugar mill where sugar was made from beetroot and sugarcane in 1968. Currently, it is closed. Following undertakings are currently being operated through it.
Ganganagar Sugar Mill:
* Manufacturing of local liquor.
* Manufacturing of Heritage Liquor (Jaipur)
* Shree Haruinte Precision Glass Factory (Dholpur)
* Manufacturing of sanitizer
4. Wool Industry:
* Rajasthan (4.98%) ranks first in the country in wool production. (According to 2022-23)
- Major Wool Industries: * Central Wool Board - Jodhpur
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- Highest wool production in Rajasthan - Jodhpur
- Largest wool market in Rajasthan - Bikaner
- Wool Testing Laboratory - Bikaner
- State Wool Mill - Bikaner
- Wool Training Center - Jaipur
- Central Sheep and Wool Research Center - Avikanagar (Tonk)
- Worsted Spinning Mills - Ladnun (Deedwana-Kuchaman) and Churu
5. Vegetable Ghee and Mustard Oil Industry:
* First vegetable ghee factory in Rajasthan- Bhilwara (established 1964)
* Currently, the highest production of vegetable ghee - Jaipur
* Highest production of mustard oil - Jaipur
* Major mustard oil factories:
* Chambal - Jaipur
* Veer Balak - Jaipur
* Netaji - Jaipur
* Rengle Mark - Bharatpur
6. Dairy Industry:
* The highest development of the dairy industry in Rajasthan - Jaipur
* Rajasthan State Dairy Development Corporation - 1975 (Jaipur)
* With the cooperation of the World Bank.
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A three-tier structure has been created by the state for dairy development:
- Top Level
- R.C.D.F - 1977
- Rajasthan Cooperative Union (Jaipur)
- District Level
- District Milk Cooperative Union - 24
- Rural Level
- Primary Cooperative Milk Committees - 18,781
- RCDF (Rajasthan Co-operative Dairy Federation) was created in place of Rajasthan Dairy Development Corporation.
- Top Level
Note: Major dairies operating in Rajasthan: * First dairy of Rajasthan - Padma (Ajmer), 1938 * Ramul (WRMOL) - Western Rajasthan Milk Union Ltd (Jodhpur) * Urmul (URMUL) - Uttari Rajasthan Milk Union Ltd. (Bikaner) * Gangmul (Gangmul) - Ganganagar Milk Union Ltd. * Camel Milk Dairy - Ist - Bikaner, 2003 (Jodbid) II - Jaisalmer, 2021 (Pokaran) * Medh Dairy - Govindgarh (Jaipur Rural) -> Capacity - 11 lakh liters * The center for milk marketing of the dairy has been established in Jaipur. -> Capacity - 1000 liters/day.
7. Biodiesel:
* Raw Material: Jatropha and Karanja
* Biodiesel Refinery: Kapasan (Udaipur)
* Biodiesel Plant: Sabhar Kotra (Udaipur)
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7. Olive Oil:
* Raw material- Olive
* Olive Refinery- Loonkaransar (Bikaner)
* **Note:** Olive tea plant is established in Jaipur (Bassi).
II. Mineral-Based Industries:
* Cement Industry, Glass Industry, Salt Industry, Marble Industry, Granite Industry, Mica Industry
1. Cement Industry: Location- Lakheri (Bundi)
* Raw material - Limestone, gypsum, and silica
* First Cement Factory: ACC (Associated Cement Company)
* Establishment: 1915 AD (Production 1917 AD)
* White Cement Factory:
* I.J.K. White Cement Factory: Gotan (Nagaur)
* J.K. White Cement Factory: Mangrol (Chittorgarh)
* Birla White Cement Factory: Kharia Khangar (Jodhpur)
* Major cement production units:
* J.K Cement Factory- Nimbahera (Chittorgarh)
* UltraTech Cement Factory - Chittorgarh
* Chetak Cement Factory- Chittorgarh
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- Rajasthan ka Bhugol * Lafarge Cement Factory- Chittorgarh
- Associated Cement Factory - Lakheri (Bundi) * Ambuja Cement Factory - Pali * Binani Cement Factory - Pindwara (Sirohi) * Shree Cement Factory - 3 - Sri Ganganagar, Sujangarh, Beawar * Shree Ram Cement Factory - Shree Ram Nagar (Kota) * JSW Cement Factory - Kolupalli-Behror * Mangalam Cement Factory- Modak (Kota) * Jaipur Cement Factory - Sawai Madhopur * Ambuja Cement Factory - Rabriyawas (Beawar) --> Formerly located in Pali * Muchawa - Marwar (Nagaur)
Glass Industry: Raw Material- Silica sand, sodium sulphate, saltpeter
- Highest development of glass industry in Rajasthan - Dholpur and Alwar
- Major Glass Factories:
- Dholpur
- Dholpur
- Shree High-tech Precision Glass Factory
* **Kota:** * Semcor Glass Factory * **Alwar:** * Saint Gobain Glass Factory (Bhiwadi, Khairthal-Tijara) - Dholpur
Salt Industry
- The main basis of this industry is the salt water lakes in Rajasthan.
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Salt Industry:
* Sambhar (Jaipur Rural)
* Pachpadra (Barmer)
* Didwana (Nagaur)
Marble Industry
* Rajasthan ranks first in marble industry.
* Highest marble production in Rajsamand.
* Maximum marble processing units.
* Kishangarh (Ajmer) is the largest center of the marble market.
* The white marble of Rajasthan (Makrana, Didwana, Kuchaman) is considered world famous.
Granite Industry:
* The production of this stone is highest in the Jalore, Barmer, and Sirohi regions of Rajasthan.
* Jalore is called the Granite City in Rajasthan.
Mica Industry:
* Mica brick making factory in Rajasthan - Bhilwara
* Bhilwara is also called the Mica City.
* **Uses:** Electronic equipment is made from mica.
III. Handicraft Based Industries:
- Carved wooden furniture- Barmer
- Gum Production- Choutan (Barmer)
* Tussar silk production (Program-1986) -> operated in Udaipur, Banswara, Kota.
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IV. Engineering and Technical Industries:
| Industry | Product | Location |
|---|---|---|
| National Engineering Company | Locks and Bearings | Jaipur |
| Jaipur Metals | Electricity meters | Jaipur |
| Kepston Meter | Water Meters | Jaipur, Pali |
| Rajasthan Elec. Corporation | T.V | Jaipur |
| Seven Industries | Iron doors and Lintel construction | Jaipur |
| Cable Industries | Cables | Kota |
| Scorex | Instruments/Machinery | Kota |
| J.K. Electronics | TV | Kota |
| Fluorspar Plant | Construction of plants with iron | Dungarpur |
| Simco Wagon Factory (1957) | Construction of railway coaches | Bharatpur |
V. Chemical Fertilizer Industry:
* Chambal Fertilizers and Chemicals: Gadepan (Kota)
* National Chemicals and Fertilizers (DAP-Diammonium Phosphate): Kapasan (Chittorgarh)
* Rajasthan State Chemical Works - Didwana (Nagaur)
* Rashtrafurt and Phosphate Limited - Saladipura (Sikar)
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Based on Ownership
* **Private Industries:** On an individual basis.
* **Public Industries:** Government owned.
* **Cooperative Industries:** Owned by both individuals and the government.
Public Industries
* 1. **Undertakings of the Central Government** - 7
- Undertakings of the State Government - 23
- 6 Statutory Boards
- 17 Operational Acts
1. Undertakings of Central Government
- Hindustan Machine Limited (HMT) -> Ajmer
- Hindustan Copper Limited - 1967 -> Khetri, Jhunjhunu
- Hindustan Zinc Limited - Debari, Udaipur (1966) -> Udaipur
- Hindustan Salt Limited - Jaipur, 1964
- Mines Bakery Chemical - 1965 -> Jaipur
- Drugs and Pharmaceuticals - 1978 -> Jaipur * Instrumentation - 1964 -> Kota
2. Undertakings of State Government
* **Statutory Boards** - 6
* 1955 --> Rajasthan Financial Corporation
* 1957 --> Agricultural Storage Corporation
* 1 Oct. 1964 --> Rajasthan State Road Transport Corporation (RSRTC)
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- Rajasthan ka Bhugol * 1970 --> Rajasthan State Housing Board Corporation (RHB)
- 1974 --> State Agricultural Marketing Board
- 1975 --> State Land Development Corporation
* **Undertakings operated under the Operational Act** - 17, of which the major ones are:
* 1. **RSMML**- Raj State Mines & Minerals Ltd (1974) - Udaipur
* 2. **State Electricity Distribution Corporation** - Jodhpur, Ajmer, Jaipur
* 3. **REIL** - Rajasthan Electronics & Instruments Ltd. - Kanakpur (Jaipur)
* It manufactures software, IT, renewable energy plants.
C. Efforts for Industrial Development
* Industrial Area
* Industrial Parks and Complexes
* Industrial Development Schemes
* Industrial Corridor
* Industrial Investment Program
* Industrial Development Institutions
* Special Industrial Zone (SEZ)
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I. Industrial Policies in Rajasthan
### *General Policies*
* 1978
* 1991
* 1994
* 1998
* 2010
* 1 July 2019 (New Industrial Policy)
MSME Policy (Micro Small Medium Enterprises Policy)
* 20 November 2015
* 17 September 2022
Handicraft Policy
* 17 September 2003
II. Special Economic Zone (SEZ) - Implementation by RIICO
| Major SEZ | Related Area | District / Location |
|---|---|---|
| Boranada SEZ | Textile and Handicraft | Jodhpur (Agamaneshwar) |
| Sitapura SEZ | Gems and Jewelry | Jaipur |
| Mahindra SEZ | I.T. Handicraft | Jaipur (Kalwara) |
| Somani SEZ | Hardware and Software | Khairthal-Tijara |
| RNB SEZ | Textile | Bikaner |
| Vatika SEZ (Proposed) | IT | Jaipur |
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III. Industrial Parks and Complexes
- Japanese Park (JETRO)
- (JETRO - Japan External Trade Organization)
- Nimrana (Kotputli-Behror)
- Korean Park
- (KOTRA - Korea Trade Investment Promotion Agency)
- Ghiloth (Kotputli-Behror)
- (KOTRA - Korea Trade Investment Promotion Agency)
- Ceramics Zone
- Ghiloth
- Agro Food Park (State Government)
- Sri Ganganagar, Jodhpur, Kota, Alwar
- Mega Food Park (Central Government)
- Rupangarh (Ajmer)
- Proposed - Mathania (Jodhpur)
- Palawa (Bikaner)
- Information Technology Park (IT Park) * Jaipur, Kota, Udaipur, Jodhpur
- Spice Park
- 1st - Mathania, Jodhpur
- 2nd - Ramganj Mandi, Kota
- Apparel Park/Apparel Park
- Jagatpura (Mahal Road), Jaipur
- Stone Park
- Mandore (Jodhpur), Masalpur (Karauli), Visnoda (Dholpur) Mandana (Kota)
- Software Park
- Kanakpura (Jaipur)
- Flower Park
- Khushkhera (Khairthal-Tijara)
- Hosiery Park
- Chaupanki (Khairthal-Tijara) Page 2
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- Export Promotion Industrial Park * Sitapura (Jaipur), Boranada (Jodhpur), Nimrana (Kotputli - Behror)
- Note: First Export Promotion Industrial Park of the Country - Sitapura, Jaipur (1997)
- Complexes: 1. Wool Complex * Khar (Bikaner), Beawar, Gohana (Beawar) Nakhkheda (Beawar) 2. Ceramic Complex * Khas (Bikaner) 3. Leather Complex * Manpura Machedi (Jaipur-Rural) 4. Petro Complex * Balotra
IV. Industrial Investment Program
- Resurgent Rajasthan * 2008
- Resurgent Rajasthan * 2015
- Investment Rajasthan Summit
- 2022
- Rising Rajasthan Global Investment (2024) (9-10-11 December) ➾ Most of the investment in all the above programs has been in the 'Energy sector'. ➾ The data of Rajasthan ranking is yet to come. (Update) Page 3
Rajasthan ka Bhugol
- Nodal Agency Organizing the Investment Program:
- RIICO (Bureau of Investment Promotion) * Formation: 1991
- Objective: Industrial investment of more than 10 crores. (V) Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor
- Nodal Agency Organizing the Investment Program:
Western Dedicated Freight Corridor
- 1504 km
- Dadri (U.P) to Jln Port (Mumbai)
- 387 (approx.) (approx. 570 km) passes through Rajasthan (total of 6 states + UT)
- Assistance: Japan
- Objective: To promote industrial exports.
150 km strip on both sides of DMIC will be developed as DMIC. In which 24 industrial areas and 8 industrial investment areas will be created, out of which in Rajasthan:
- Investment Areas: * (i) Alwar-Kishangarh * (ii) Khushkhera-Bhiwadi-Nimrana * "This sub-region notified as a special investment region."
- Industrial Areas: * (i) Jaipur-Dausa Industrial Area * (ii) Rajsamand-Bhilwara Industrial Area * (iii) Jodhpur-Pali-Marwar (Responsibility of RIICO) * "Notified as a special investment area on 19 Oct 2020"
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- First Phase of DMIC in Rajasthan:
- (a) Khushkhera-Bhiwadi-Nimrana (165 sq km)
- (b) Jodhpur-Pali-Marwar (154 sq km) * A joint Special Purpose Vehicle Company - "Rajasthan Industrial Development Corporation" (RIDCO) was established for its development - 15 March 2022
- NOTE: In the first phase, completely state government land is included. (VI) Industrial Institutions:
- RFC
- 1955 (Jaipur)
- RAJSICO * 1961 (Jaipur)
- RIICO
- 1969 (Jaipur)
- RODA
- 1995 (Jaipur) (a) RFC (Rajasthan Financial Corporation)
- Establishment: January, 1955
- Headquarters: Jaipur
- Objective: To provide short term loans to micro, small, and medium industries. (Minimum amount 2000-20 crore)
- Schemes of RFC:(i) Capitalist Loan Scheme: Under this scheme, loans are provided to (MSME) micro, small and medium industries at cheap rates.
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- (ii) Top-Up Scheme: A scheme to provide loans to very small industries for technical and business development.
- (iii) SEMFEX Scheme (Self Employed for Ex-Servicemen Scheme) * A scheme to cooperate with ex-servicemen to set up industries.
- Note: RFC issues Silver, Gold, and Platinum cards to reliable borrowers. (b) RAJSICO (Rajasthan Small Industries Corporation Limited)
- Establishment: June, 1961
- Headquarters: Jaipur
- Objectives:
- To provide training in tribal areas.
- To provide raw materials, machinery, and technical facilities to small industries.
- Rajsico works for the marketing of goods produced from small scale industries. (c) RIICO (Rajasthan State Industrial Development and Investment Corporation Limited)
- Establishment: 1969 (Restructured - 1980)
- Headquarters: Jaipur Page 6
- Objective: To provide medium-term loans to medium and large industries. * To make land available for industries. * Operation of SEZ program * It is the apex institution of industries in Rajasthan. (d) RODA (Rural Non-farm/ Agriculture Development Agency)
- Establishment: 1995 * Headquarters: Jaipur
- Objective: To provide training related to various fields of non-agricultural sectors.
- RODA training areas: wool and textile industry, leather industry, small and minor minerals.
- Establishment: 1995 * Headquarters: Jaipur
VII. Industrial Development Schemes
(a) SFURTI Scheme:
- A scheme launched to promote industrial exports.
- Start: March 2022 (b) Chief Minister's Self-Employment Scheme: * Start: 2013
- Objective: Under this scheme, loans up to 10 lakhs are provided to the hand-based and handicraft workers to set up their own industries. Page 7
- (c) Chief Minister Yuva Entrepreneurship Scheme * Start: April 1, 2013 (Order March 2023, benefit till July 2024) * Objective: A scheme to provide financial assistance and loans to the unemployed youth who wish to set up industries by taking loans. * Eligibility: Age - 18-35 years, 10th +ITI or graduate. * Loan amount: 25 Lakh - 1 Crore (Loan repayment period - 4 years) (d) Chief Minister Small Industries Promotion Scheme:
- Start: 17 Dec 2019 (Effective: 31 March 2024)
- Scheme: Scheme related to interest subsidy on loans of small industries.
| Loan Amount | Interest Subsidy |
|---|---|
| 1. 25 Lakh | 8% |
| 2. 25 Lakh - 5 Crore | 6% |
| 3. 5 Crore - 10 Crore | 5% |
- Other Important Facts: * (i) For industrial development * At the district level: District Industries Center - 36 * Sub-centers - 8 * (ii) Single Window Clearance Act - 2011 amended 2020 * (iii) e-Governance and IT Policy: November 2015
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(iv) Special industrial institutions of the state: * Computer Aided Carpet Design Center - Jaipur * Computer Aided Textile Design Center - Bhilwara * Multipurpose Research and Development Institute - Jodhpur * Footwear Design Center - Mandore (Jodhpur) * NIFT (National Institute of Fashion Technology) - Jodhpur * Ceramic Research and Development Center - Bikaner
(v) Investment Promotion Policy in Rajasthan: * Investment Promotion Policy - 2003 * Rajasthan Industries and Investment Promotion Policy - 2010 * Rajasthan Investment Promotion Policy - 2014 * Rajasthan Investment Promotion Policy - 17 Dec. 2019 * Rajasthan Investment Promotion Policy - 7 Oct 2022
* **Objectives of RIPS 2022:**
* 15% annual growth in manufacturing and service sector
* Balanced and inclusive regional development.
* To create 10 lakh jobs by 2027.
* Promoting green hydrogen and alternative energy for environmental protection.
- Note: The highest industrial exports in Rajasthan are respectively:
- 1st Engineering 2. Gems and Jewellery 3. Metals
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