markdown
### Space Exploration
* China successfully produced oxygen for rocket fuel in space using artificial photosynthesis.
### International Relations
* Operation Devil Hunt is a US-led initiative in Bangladesh.
### Environmental Initiatives
* India is ranked third globally in green building.
### Natural Disasters
* A cyclone occurred in Rajasthan.
### Politics
* Sam Nujoma, founder and first president of Namibia, passed away.
### Defense
* Defense Minister Rajnath Singh inaugurated Asia's largest Aero India show in Bengaluru.
### Observances
* World Pulses Day was observed on February 10th.
### Awards
* The Netpac Award at the Rotterdam International Film Festival was given to "Bad Girl".
### Sports
* Rohit Sharma achieved the second-highest score in One Day International (ODI) history in terms of number of sixes.
* Haryana won the Pro Kabaddi League 24.
### FAO Project in Somalia
* The FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) launched a $95 million climate-resilient agriculture project in Somalia.
* This is a seven-year project aiming to improve climate adaptation and resilience for vulnerable communities.
* The FAO was founded on October 16, 1945, and is headquartered in Rome, Italy.
### India Eliminating Lymphatic Filariasis
* The Indian government aims to eliminate lymphatic filariasis (also known as elephantiasis) by 2027.
* The disease is caused by *Wuchereria bancrofti* or *Brugia malayi*.
### National Safai Karamchari Commission
* The National Safai Karamchari Commission's term has been extended by three years by the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment.
* The extension aims to further the ban on manual scavenging in India.
* The commission, established in 1994, is not a constitutional body.
### India's Digital Economy
* The Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology released a report, "State of India's Digital Economy," stating that India is the world's third-largest digital economy after the USA and China.
* In 2022, the digital economy contributed 11.7% to the GDP, projected to increase to 13.4% by 2024.
```* **UNESCO World Heritage Site:** India's 43rd UNESCO World Heritage site (unspecified).
* **World Space Award:** Chandrayaan-3 selected for the World Space Award.
* **Mongla Port:** India to operate a terminal at Mongla Port in Bangladesh.
* **Paris 2024 Olympics (hypothetical examples - these Olympics have not yet occurred):**
* Silver Medal: Manu Bhaker and Sarabjot Singh.
* Bronze Medal: Sandeep Kumar.
* Medalists mentioned: Hockey team, Neeraj Chopra, Aman Sahrawat.
* **Digital Economy Report:**
* Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology released the State of India's Digital Economy (SIDE) report.
* India is the world's third-largest digital economy after the USA and China.
* Digital economy contributed 11.7% to GDP in 2022.
* Projected to reach 13.4% of GDP by 2024.
* **World's First Carbon Neutral Baby:**
* Baby girl born in Tamil Nadu declared the world's first carbon-neutral baby.
* Parents pledged to plant trees to absorb her lifetime CO2 emissions.
* **Shah Rukh Khan:** First Indian actor honored by the Grévin Museum in Paris with customized gold coins.
* **Rashtrapati Bhavan:** Darbar Hall renamed "Ganatantra Mandap."
* **India's First Carbon Neutral Baby:** Two-year-old Aadhya from Tamil Nadu. Parents plant trees to offset her lifetime carbon emissions.
* **Awards:**
* Subhash Chandra Bose Disaster Management Award 2025: Presented to INCOIS (ocean/tsunami related work) on January 23rd (Parakram Diwas).
* Abhinav Bindra: Awarded the Olympic Order by the IOC (first athlete to receive this).
* **Miscellaneous:**
* Kenza Lili: World's first Miss AI.
* **SARATH-P2 Launch:**
* Launched in the Indian Ocean.
* By Ministry of Earth Sciences.
* Improves search and rescue, mineral exploration, weather/tsunami alerts for fishermen.
* **Subhas Chandra Bose Disaster Management Award:**
* 2025 award presented to INCOIS on January 23rd (Parakram Diwas).
* For work on tsunami and ocean wave information.
* **IOC Olympic Order:**
* Awarded to Abhinav Bindra.
* First athlete to receive this honor.
* **Sports Competitions:**
* 2025 Para Archery Asia Cup (Thailand): India ranked 1st (6 Gold, 3 Silver, 3 Bronze).
* Paralympics: India ranked 18th (7 Gold, 29 total medals).
* **Thailand:**
* Capital: Bangkok
* Currency: Baht
* Prime Minister: Sena Watra (female)
* **Awards:**
* Gandhi Mandela Award: Rigoberta Menchú
* **Museums:**
* India's First Medical Institutional Museum: Chandigarh
* **Economic Survey 2023-24:**
* GDP Growth Projection (2024): 6.4%
* Actual GDP Growth (2023-24): 8.2%
* **Military:**
* Supriya C.T.: First female officer of Army Air Defence Corps deployed in Siachen Glacier.
* **SARATH P2 Initiative:**
* Purpose: Enhance search and rescue capabilities in the Indian Ocean.
* Launched by: Ministry of Earth Sciences.
* **International Conferences:**
* ICC Annual Conference: Colombo, Sri Lanka
* **International News:**
* Sri Lanka Power Outage: Attributed to monkeys disrupting the power grid.
* UN Water Conference: Côte d'Ivoire became the 53rd member.
* International Olympic Committee (IOC): Saudi Arabia selected as host country for first Olympic Esports Games.
* **Uttarakhand Initiatives:**
* Gross Environment Product Index
* Uniform Civil Code Bill
* Free Air Ambulance Services
* **Festivals:**
* Pongal Festival & Jallikattu: Tamil Nadu
* Onam Festival: Kerala
* Vishu Festival: Kerala
* Thrissur Pooram Festival: Kerala
* Attukal Pongala Festival: Kerala (largest religious festival for women)
* Makaravilakku Festival: Kerala
* Kambala (buffalo race): Karnataka
* Yakshagana: Karnataka
* Dollu Kunitha: Karnataka
* Knuma Festival: Telangana
* Thai Pusam Festival: Tamil Nadu
* **International Affairs**
* **India's First Foreign Jan Aushadhi Kendra:** Inaugurated in Mauritius by External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar. Mauritius' capital is Port Louis.
* **European Commission President:** Ursula von der Leyen.
* **Indian Festivals**
* **Thai Pusam Festival:** Celebrated in Tamil Nadu. Dedicated to Lord Murugan (Kartikeya). Includes body piercing and yellow clothing. Kavadi Attam festival also held concurrently.
* **Kheer Bhandar Festival:** Held in Tripura.
* **Sports**
* **Billie Jean King Cup:** Related to tennis.
* **Aryna Sabalenka (Belarus):** Won a tennis tournament in Switzerland. Former world number one.
* **Chennai Open:** Tennis tournament held in India, won by France's Fabien Reboul.
* **Wimbledon Championships:** Carlos Alcaraz won the men's singles title. Grass court tournament and world's oldest tennis Grand Slam.
* **Copa America:** Argentina won the Copa America football tournament, defeating Colombia.
* **International Organizations**
* **Headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland:** WHO, WTO, ILO, and World Economic Forum.
* **Headquarters in Gland, Switzerland:** IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) and World Wide Fund for Nature.
* **India-Related Events/News**
* **"Samvidhan Hamara Samman" event:** Second edition held in Prayagraj, third in Guwahati. First was in Bikaner.
* **COSPAR (Committee on Space Research) conference:** Held in South Korea.
* **Davis Cup:** Related to tennis.
* **Mumbai Open 2025 Women's Singles:** Jill Teichmann (Switzerland) won. Rajeshwari Revathi (India) reached semi-finals. First time held. 2017 inaugural tournament won by Aryna Sabalenka.
* **Third India Energy Week:** To be held in Delhi from February 11th to 14th. Previous events were held in Goa and Bengaluru.
* **India-Tibet Border Police Operation:** Seized 108 kg of gold in "Operation Jazba" along the China border.
* **Third India Energy Week (Details):**
* Held in Delhi, inaugurated by Prime Minister Modi on February 11th.
* Ran from February 11th to 14th.
* Focused on renewable energy and reducing import dependency on petroleum.
* Previous editions were held in Goa (2nd) and Bengaluru (1st).
* **Cervavac Vaccine:** Developed in India for treating cervical cancer caused by Human Papillomavirus (HPV).
* **Mangala Pashu Beema Yojana:** Livestock insurance scheme launched in Rajasthan.
* **Financial Inclusion Index 2023-24:** Released by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI).
* **First World Audio-Visual and Entertainment Summit:** Held in Goa.
* **AgriShores:** Launched by NABARD to support agricultural startups.
* **Third India Energy Week 2024:**
- Inaugurated by PM Modi on February 11th, 2024, at Yashwant Place, New Delhi (Feb 11-14).
- Previous events: Goa (second), Bengaluru (first).
* **New Automated Biomedical Waste Treatment Plant (Sajjan):**
- Launched at AIIMS Delhi.
- Initiated by Science and Technology Minister Jitendra Singh.
- Treats 400 kg of waste daily.
* **Karnataka Gig Workers Bill:** Karnataka is the second state to introduce a gig worker bill.
* **Tata Asset Management:** Launched India's first tourism index mutual fund.
* **M.S. Swaminathan:** New jumping spider species discovered in the Western Ghats named after him.
* **Paris Olympics:**
- PV Sindhu and Sharath Kamal: Flag bearers for the Indian contingent at the opening ceremony.
- Gagan Narang: Led the Indian contingent's safety mission.
* **Military Exercises:**
- Cyclone: India and Egypt (Bikaner, Rajasthan).
- Varun: India and France.
- Shakti: India and France.
- Garuda: India and France.
- Frisian: India and France.
- SIMBEX: India and Singapore.
- SLINEX: India and Sri Lanka.
- SINEX: India and Cambodia (Pune).
- Wings Raider: Indian Air Force's Eastern Command and Army's Eastern Command (East).
* **Wings Raider Exercise:**
* Indian Air Force's Eastern Command and Army's Eastern Command.
* Eastern Theatre.
* Aim: To enhance coordination.
* **Headquarters Relocation:**
* Army's Eastern Command headquarters renamed Vijaydurg.
* Air Force's Eastern Command headquarters: Shillong.
* **Indian Cricket Team:** Gautam Gambhir appointed as the new head coach.
* **International Awards:**
* Prime Minister Modi received the Order of St. Andrew the Apostle the First-Called, Russia's highest civilian award.
* The Grand Commander of the Order of the Niger (GCFR) is Nigeria's highest award.
* **Joint Military Exercise:**
* **Name:** Wings Raider
* **Participants:** Indian Air Force's Eastern Command and Indian Army's Eastern Command.
* **Location:** Eastern Theater
* **Participants' Representatives:** Air Chief Marshal Amarpreet Singh (IAF), Lt. Gen. Upendra Dwivedi (Army)
* **Headquarters:** IAF Eastern Command headquarters is in Shillong. The Army's Eastern Command headquarters has recently been renamed to Vijaydurg from Fort William, Kolkata.
* **Objective:** To enhance coordination between the Air Force and Army.
* **International Unani Day:**
* Celebrated annually on February 11th.
* Theme: Unani medicine for integrated health solutions.
* Commemorates the birthday of Hakim Ajmal Khan.
* First celebrated in 2018.
* Hakim Ajmal Khan established the Hindustan Dawakhana in 1905 in Delhi, marking the beginning of Unani medicine in India.
* **India's Best Agricultural State Awards 2024:**
* Best Overall Agriculture: Maharashtra
* Best Horticulture: Nagaland
* Best Water Conservation: Odisha
* Best Marine State: Kerala
* **Polaris Dawn Mission:**
* Launched by Space X.
* Objective: Spacewalk.
* **Uttar Pradesh Inquiry Commission:** A commission headed by Justice Brijesh Srivastava was formed to investigate the Hathras stampede.
* **Indigenous Light Tank:** The Zorawar is a new indigenous light tank.
* **India's New Consulate:** The Indian Consulate was inaugurated in Marseille, France's second-largest city.
* **AI Action Summit:** The AI Action Summit was held in Paris, France, with Prime Minister Modi and Emmanuel Macron in attendance.
* **Indigenous Anti-Radiation Missile:** The Indian Air Force successfully tested the Rudram-1, its first indigenous anti-radiation missile.
* **Project Pariksha:** Project Pariksha was launched by India's Ministry of Culture to showcase Indian culture to international visitors attending the UNESCO's 46th meeting in Delhi.
* **UNESCO Meeting Location:** The 47th UNESCO meeting will be held in Sofia, Bulgaria.
* **AI Action Summit:**
* Third AI Action Summit held.
* France was the president and India the co-president.
* Attendees included Emmanuel Macron (France) and Narendra Modi (India), and US Vice President Kamala Harris.
* Previous summits:
* First Summit: Bletchley, England.
* Second Summit: Seoul, South Korea.
* Third Summit Location: Paris, France.
* **Indian Consulate:**
* New Indian consulate inaugurated in Marseille, France (second largest city after Paris).
* **Location Details:**
* Paris is located on the Seine River.
* **AI Global Summit:**
* The third global summit on Artificial Intelligence was held in Paris, France.
* India co-chaired the summit, with PM Modi in attendance.
* U.S. Vice President Kamala Harris also attended the summit.
* Previous summit locations: Bletchley (England), Seoul (South Korea).
* **Government Initiatives:**
* India aims to eliminate lymphatic filariasis by 2027.
* The National Safai Karamchari Commission's tenure has been extended by three years.
* India and the FAO launched a $95 million climate-resilient agriculture project in Somalia.
* The Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology released a report on the digital economy.
* **Other Current Events:**
* The Wing Raider joint military exercise was conducted by the Indian Army and Air Force's Eastern Command.
* The first automated bio-waste treatment plant was inaugurated at AIIMS, New Delhi.
* The third India Energy Week 2025 was launched in New Delhi.
* International Yoga Day was celebrated on February 11th, 2025.
* The Thai Pusam festival began at Murugan temples in Tamil Nadu.
* India won the medal tally in the 2025 Archery Asia Cup with six gold medals.
* The Ministry of Earth Sciences launched a project to enhance search and rescue capabilities in the Indian Ocean.
* A two-year-old girl from Tamil Nadu became the world's first carbon-neutral baby.
* **Demographics (2011 Census):**
* Highest Population: Uttar Pradesh
* Lowest Population: Sikkim
* Highest Population Density: Bihar (excluding Delhi)
* Lowest Population Density: Arunachal Pradesh
* Highest Population Growth Rate: Meghalaya
* Negative Population Growth Rate: Nagaland
* Highest Literacy Rate: Kerala (94%)
* Lowest Literacy Rate: Bihar (61.8%)
* Highest Sex Ratio: Kerala
* Lowest Sex Ratio: Haryana
* **Rural vs. Urban Population:**
* Highest Rural Population Percentage: Himachal Pradesh (90%)
* Second Highest Rural Population Percentage: Bihar (88.7%)
* Highest Urban Population Percentage: Goa (62.2%)
* Highest Urban Population (Number): Maharashtra (5.08 crore)
* **Scheduled Castes (SC):**
* Highest SC Population (Number): Uttar Pradesh (over 1.25 crore)
* Highest SC Population (Percentage): Punjab (approximately 32%)
* **Scheduled Tribes (ST):**
* Highest ST Population (Number): Madhya Pradesh (approximately 1.5 crore)
* Highest ST Population (Percentage): Mizoram (approximately 94%)
- **Population Density:**
- Highest: Bihar
- Lowest: Arunachal Pradesh (17 people per sq km)
- **Sex Ratio:**
- National average (2011): 943 women per 1000 men
- Highest: Kerala (1084 women per 1000 men)
- Lowest: Haryana (879 women per 1000 men)
- **Child Sex Ratio (0-6 years):**
- Highest: Arunachal Pradesh (972 girls per 1000 boys)
- Lowest: Haryana (834 girls per 1000 boys)
- **Literacy Rate (2011):**
- National average: 73% (Male: 80.9%, Female: 64.6%)
- Highest: Kerala (94%)
- Lowest: Bihar (61.8%)
- **Population Growth Rate (2011 Census):**
- Highest: Meghalaya (27.9%)
- Lowest: Nagaland (-0.6%)
- **Population Density (2011 Census):**
- India's Average: 382 persons per sq km
- Highest: Bihar (1106 persons per sq km)
- Lowest: Arunachal Pradesh (17 persons per sq km)
- **Population:**
- Highest (State): Uttar Pradesh
- Lowest (State): Sikkim
- Highest (Union Territory): Delhi
- Lowest (Union Territory): Lakshadweep
- **Sex Ratio (2011 Census):**
- India's Average: 943 females per 1000 males
- Highest: Kerala (1084 females per 1000 males)
- Lowest: Haryana (879 females per 1000 males)
- **Indian States by Population:**
- **Highest Population:** Uttar Pradesh (16.51%)
- **Second Highest Population:** Maharashtra (9.28%)
- **Third Highest Population:** Bihar (8.6%)
- **Fourth Highest Population:** West Bengal (7.54%)
- **Lowest Population:** Sikkim (0.05%)
- **Second Lowest Population:** Mizoram (0.09%)
- **Third Lowest Population:** Arunachal Pradesh (0.11%)
- **Fourth Lowest Population:** Goa (0.12%)
- **Indian States: Population Growth (2011 Census):**
- **Highest Growth Rate:** Meghalaya (27.9%)
- **Lowest Growth Rate (Negative):** Nagaland (-0.6%)
- **Indian States: Population Density (2011 Census):**
- **Highest Density:** Bihar (1106 persons/km²)
- **Second Highest Density:** West Bengal
- **Third Highest Density:** Kerala
- **Fourth Highest Density:** Uttar Pradesh
- **Lowest Density:** Arunachal Pradesh (17 persons/km²)
* **2011 Census Data:**
* India's population in 2011 was 121.9 crore, second to China. India has since surpassed China.
* In 2011, the female population constituted 48.5%, and the male population constituted 51.47%.
* **Population Growth (1911-2011):**
* 1911-2001: 21.5% growth
* 2001-2011: 17.7% growth (10-year growth rate of 1.77%)
* **Largest and Smallest States/Union Territories (by Area):**
* Largest State: Rajasthan
* Smallest State: Goa
* Largest Union Territory: Ladakh
* Smallest Union Territory: Lakshadweep
* **States with Highest and Lowest Population:**
* Highest Population:
* Uttar Pradesh (16.51% of India's population)
* Maharashtra (9.28%)
* Bihar (8.6%)
* West Bengal (7.54%)
* Lowest Population:
* Sikkim (0.05%)
* Mizoram (0.09%)
* Arunachal Pradesh (0.11%)
* Goa (0.12%)
* **State-wise Population Growth (2001-2011):**
* Highest Growth: Meghalaya (27.9%)
* Lowest Growth: Nagaland (-0.6%) (Negative population growth)
- **Census 2011:**
- 15th census in overall order.
- 7th census since Indian independence (1951).
- 14th census since the decennial census began in 1881.
- Census Commissioner: Chandramouli.
- Slogan: "Our Census, Our Future".
- India's population: 121.9 crore (second after China in 2011; currently first).
- Population growth from 1911-2001: 21.5%.
- Population growth from 2001-2011: 17.7% (1.77% annual growth).
- Female population: 48.5%.
- Male population: 51.4%.
- **Largest States (Area):**
- Largest: Rajasthan.
- Smallest: Goa.
- **Largest Union Territories (Area):**
- Largest: Ladakh.
- Smallest: Lakshadweep.
- **Largest States (Population):**
- Uttar Pradesh (16.51% of India's population).
- Maharashtra (9.28%).
- Bihar (8.6%).