• No current affairs content was present in the provided "Current" section. *

• Project Kuiper: Amazon launched the first batch of 27 satellites.

• US Special 301 Report: Concerns regarding intellectual property.

• United Nations Vesak Day: Celebrated in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

• 20th Asian Games: Mixed martial arts (MMA) included in the 2026 games.

• CBI Operation Hawk: Dismantled an online child sexual exploitation network.

• Modi's Web Summit: Inaugurated in Mumbai.

• Prabha Portal: Launched by the Reserve Bank of India.

• Axiomatic Space CEO: Tejpal Bhatia appointed.

• Supreme Court Unopposed Election: Section 53(2) of the 1951 Act.

• Kiran Initiative: Launched for women's empowerment.

• Desert Hunt Exercise: Conducted in Rajasthan.

Current Affairs Quiz Answers:

• Project Kuiper: Amazon

• US Special 301 Report: Intellectual Property

• United Nations Vesak Day: Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

• 20th Asian Games (2026): Mixed Martial Arts (MMA)

• CBI Operation: Operation Hawk

• Modi's Web Summit: Mumbai

• Prabha Portal: Reserve Bank of India

• Axion Space CEO: Tejpal Bhatia

• Supreme Court Unopposed Election: 1951 Act, Section 53(2)

• Kiran Initiative: Women's Empowerment

• Desert Hunt Exercise: Rajasthan* Bihar Current Affairs

  • National Parks and Tiger Reserves

    • Valmiki National Park: Located in West Champaran district; also a notified tiger reserve.
    • Kaimur Tiger Reserve: Approved by the Bihar government, awaiting official declaration by the central government.

  • World Heritage Sites

    • Mahabodhi Temple (UNESCO, 2002)
    • Nalanda University (UNESCO, 2016)

  • Geographical Indicators (GI Tags)

    • Shahi Litchi
    • Zardalu Mango (Bhagalpur)
    • Madhubani Paintings
    • Katarni Rice
    • Maghai Paan
    • Silao Khaja

  • Handicrafts

    • Madhubani Paintings (Mithila region)
    • Manjusha art (Bhagalpur region)

  • Folk Dances

    • Jhumar
    • Jat Jatin
    • Vidishia
    • Bakhobakini
    • Ramkholiya
    • Shyam Sakewa

  • Major Festivals

    • Chhath Puja (Sun God and river worship, post-Diwali)
    • Shyam Sakewa
    • Bihu
    • Karma

  • Ramsar Sites

    • Kawar Lake
    • Nage and Nakti (recent designation)```markdown

Important Personalities of Bihar:

• Jayaprakash Narayan: Father of the Total Revolution.
• Ustad Bismillah Khan: Received India's highest award in 2001.
• Shardha Sinha: Received Padma Vibhushan.
• Karpoori Thakur: Received India's highest award in 2024; known as the "Jan Nayak" (people's leader) of Bihar; former Chief Minister of Bihar.
• Dr. Rajendra Prasad: First President of India, received India's highest award in 1962. Author of "India Divided".
• Meira Kumar: First woman Speaker of the Lok Sabha.

Geographical Extremes of Bihar:

• Northernmost District: Paschim Champaran
• Southernmost District: Gaya
• Easternmost District: Kishanganj
• Westernmost District: Kaimur (Bhabua)

Ramsar Sites in Bihar:

• Kawar Lake (most important)
• Nagi and Nakti (recently added)

UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Bihar:

• Mahabodhi Temple (2002)
• Nalanda University (2016)

Geographical Indication (GI) Tagged Products of Bihar:

• Shahi Litchi
• Bhagulpur Zardalu Mango
• Madhubani Painting
• Katarni Rice
• Maghai Paan
• Silao Khaja

Important Tourist Sites in Bihar:

• Bodh Gaya: Site of the Buddha's enlightenment.
• Nalanda University
• Vaishali: Birthplace of Mahavira.
• Sasaram: Location of Sher Shah Suri's tomb.

Prominent Temples in Bihar:

• Mahabodhi Temple, Bodh Gaya.
• Patnaeshwari Temple, Patna (one of the 51 Shakti Peethas).
• Mangla Gauri Temple, Sitamarhi.

Bihar's Legislative Structure:

• Legislative Assembly: 243 seats
• Legislative Council: 75 seats
• Lok Sabha (Lower House of Parliament): 40 seats
• Rajya Sabha (Upper House of Parliament): 16 seats

Geographical and Political Features of Bihar:

• Largest cattle fair in India: Sonepur, Bihar
• Highest peak: Someshwar peak
• Neighbouring country: Nepal
• Neighbouring states: Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Jharkhand (separated from Bihar on November 15, 2000)
• State bird: Sparrow (Goriaya)
• State tree: Peepal
• State flower: Marigold
• State animal: Gaur or Bull
• State emblem: Bodhi tree
• State game: Kabaddi
• Major festival: Chhath Puja

Bihar State Information:

• State Formation: March 22nd (Bihar Day)
• Capital: Patna; Bhagalpur designated as a sub-capital in 2012.
• First Chief Minister: Shri Krishna Singh
• First Woman Chief Minister: Rabri Devi
• First Deputy Chief Minister: Dr. Anugrah Narayan Sinha (known as "Bihar Kesari")
• Current Chief Minister: Nitish Kumar
• Current Deputy Chief Ministers: Shri Samrat Chaudhary and Vijay Kumar Sinha
• First Governor: Jairamdas Daulatram
• Current Governor: Arif Mohammad Khan
• High Court Location: Patna
• Alternate Name for Patna: Pataliputra
• Number of Districts: 38
• Largest District (Area): West Champaran
• Largest District (Population): Patna
• Smallest District (Area): Sheohar
• Legislature: Bicameral (Vidhan Sabha and Vidhan Parishad)

*   **ISRO Mission:** Shukrava launched via GSLV F-15 for satellite navigation (NVS2).
*   **Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna Award Recipients:**
    *   Manu Bhaker
    *   Harmanpreet Singh
    *   Praveen Kumar
    *   D Gukesh (Chess)
*   **Air India:** First Indian airline to offer in-flight Wi-Fi on domestic routes.
*   **Coastal and Wader Bird Census:** First census started in Jamnagar, Gujarat.
*   **Bihar State Information:**
    *   State emblem: Bodhi tree.
    *   Bihar Day: March 22nd.
    *   Capital: Patna; Sub-capital: Bhagalpur (since 2012).
    *   First CM: Shri Krishna Singh.
    *   First female CM: Rabri Devi.
    *   First Deputy CM: Dr. Anugrah Narayan Sinha (Bihar Kesari).
    *   Current CM: Nitish Kumar.
    *   Current Deputy CMs: Shree Samrat Chaudhary and Vijay Kumar Sinha.
    *   First Governor: Jayramdas Daulatram.
*   **Maharashtra Government Acquisition:** Purchased Raghuji Bhonsle's sword for ₹47.15 lakh from Sotheby's.
    *   Raghuji Bhonsle: Founder of Nagpur Bhonsle dynasty.
    *   Sword details: Gold inlay, Mulhari hilt, presented by Chhatrapati Maharaj Shahu.
*   **Sports:**
    *   Pro Kabaddi League 2024: Won by Haryana.
*   **United Nations:**
    *   2025 UN themes: Cooperation and Quantum.
*   **Environmental Issues:**
    *   Bhopal Gas Tragedy: Toxic waste disposal started in Pithampura, Madhya Pradesh.
*   **Sports:**
    *   Santosh Trophy: Won by Bengal.
*   **GST (Goods and Services Tax):**
    *   GST Council: Headed by the Indian Finance Minister; sets GST rates (0%, 5%, 12%, 18%, 28%); established by Article 279A.
    *   Introduced based on recommendations of the Vijay Kelkar Committee.
    *   Components: CGST (Central GST), SGST (State GST), IGST (Integrated GST for interstate transactions).
    *   April 2025 collections increased by 12.6% compared to April 2024.  A single month's tax collection reached ₹2.37 lakh crore.
    *   GST Day: July 1st.
    *   Arun Jaitley was the Finance Minister when GST was implemented.
    *   Latest GST Council meeting held in Jaisalmer, Rajasthan.
*   **April 2025 GST Collection:** ₹2.37 lakh crore, a record high, representing a 12.6% increase compared to April 2024.
*   **GST (Goods and Services Tax):**
    *   Full form: Goods and Services Tax.
    *   Implemented via the 101st Constitutional Amendment Act of 2016, effective July 1, 2017.
    *   Added Article 279A to the Constitution, establishing the GST Council.
    *   GST Council: Headed by the Indian Finance Minister; determines GST rates (0%, 5%, 12%, 18%, 28%).
    *   Introduced based on recommendations from the Vijay Kelkar Committee.
*   **GST Components:**
    *   CGST (Central GST)
    *   SGST (State GST)
    *   IGST (Integrated GST) - applicable for interstate transactions.*   **CARE Edge State Ranking 2025:**

    *   **Larger States:** Maharashtra ranked first, followed by Gujarat.
    *   **Smaller States/North East States:** Goa ranked first.
    *   Ranking criteria included infrastructure (roads, transport, healthcare), fiscal condition, governance, and environment.
*   **DRDO and Indian Navy:** Successfully tested a short-range anti-ship missile (NASMSR).
*   **Asia's First Global Hyperloop Competition:** Held in Chennai, India.
*   **ISRO's Space Docking Mission (SPADEX):** Launched using PSLV C60, successfully docked two satellites in space.
*   **India's First Glass Bridge:** Inaugurated in Tamil Nadu.
*   **Lakshya Sen:** Won a bronze medal at the King's Cup International Badminton Open 2024.
*   **GST Collection (April 2025):** ₹2.37 lakh crore.
*   **Newly Classified Major Minerals (Ministry of Mines):**
    * Barytes
    * Abak (mica)
    * Felspar
    * Quartz
*   **Recently Deceased Odissi Dancer:**
    * Mayadhar Rout
*   **Other Notable Odissi Dancers:**
    * Sanjukta Panigrahi
    * Sonal Mansingh
    * Kelucharan Mohapatra
*   **Appointment of FBI Director:** Christopher Wray (Earlier it was mentioned as Kas Patel, which is incorrect).
*   **Invitation to PM Modi:** Prime Minister Modi received an invitation to attend Mauritius' National Day celebrations as the chief guest.
*   **Indian Success in Asian Boxing Championship:**

    *   India won its first Asian Under-15 and Under-17 boxing championship.
    *   The championship was hosted in Amman, Jordan.
    *   India won a total of 43 medals: 15 gold, 6 silver, and 22 bronze.
    *   India secured second rank in the points table.
*   **Indian State Formation Timeline:**

    *   1 May 1960: Bombay state split into Maharashtra and Gujarat.
    *   1 December 1963: Nagaland became a separate state.
    *   1966: Punjab split into Punjab, Haryana, and Chandigarh.
    *   1971: Himachal Pradesh became a state (from UT).
    *   1972: Meghalaya, Manipur, and Tripura became separate states.
    *   1975: Sikkim became a state of India.
    *   1987: Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram, and Goa became states (from UTs).
    *   2000: Chhattisgarh (from MP), Uttarakhand (from UP), and Jharkhand (from Bihar) became states.
    *   2014: Telangana became a separate state.
    *   2019: Jammu & Kashmir state reorganized into Jammu & Kashmir UT and Ladakh UT.
    *   26 January 2020: Daman and Diu and Dadra and Nagar Haveli merged.
*   **Current Affairs:**

    *   India's first offshore airport on a man-made island is located in Mumbai.
    *   Pankaj Advani won the 14th Asian Snooker gold medal in Doha.*   **May Day (International Workers' Day):**
    *   Originated in the US due to labor movements protesting excessive working hours (more than 8 hours).
    *   Celebrated annually on May 1st.
    *   Began in India on May 1st, 1923, in Chennai, initiated by the Labour Kisan Party.

*   **Formation of Indian States:**
    *   **May 1, 1960:** Bombay province split into Maharashtra and Gujarat states.
    *   **December 1, 1963:** Nagaland became a separate state.
    *   **1966:** Punjab split into Punjab, Haryana, and Chandigarh.
    *   **1971:** Himachal Pradesh became a state (previously a Union Territory).
    *   **1972:** Meghalaya, Manipur, and Tripura became separate states.
    *   **1975:** Sikkim became an Indian state.
    *   **1987:** Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram, and Goa became states (previously Union Territories).
    *   **2000:** Chhattisgarh (separated from Madhya Pradesh), Uttarakhand (from Uttar Pradesh), and Jharkhand (from Bihar) were formed.
    *   **2014:** Telangana became a separate state.
    *   **2019:** Jammu & Kashmir state reorganized into Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh Union Territories.
    *   **2020 (January 26):** Daman and Diu and Dadra and Nagar Haveli merged into a single Union Territory.

*   **Time Magazine Awards:**
    *   **Woman of the Year:** Poornima Devi Verman
    *   **Person of the Year:** Donald Trump

*   **Microsoft's Quantum Processor:** Microsoft launched the Majorana first quantum processor.

*   **Appointments and Leadership Changes:**
    *   Alok Joshi appointed head of the National Security Advisory Board.
    *   Dinesh Maheshwari appointed head of the 23rd Law Commission.
    *   Justice B.R. Gavai appointed 52nd Chief Justice of India.

*   **Awards and Honors:**
    *   Poonam Gupta awarded BBC Indian Sportswoman of the Year.
    *   Manu Bhaker awarded BBC Indian Sportswoman of the Year and Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna Award.

*   **Government and Politics:**
    *   Nidhi Tiwari appointed as Prime Minister Modi's personal secretary.
    *   Rekha Gupta appointed as the new Chief Minister of Delhi.

*   **Technology:**
    *   Microsoft launches the first Majorana quantum processor.

*   **Military Exercises:**
    *   The Indian Army conducted the coastal military exercise "Jal Thal Raksha 25" in Gujarat, involving the army, navy, and air force.

*   **National Security Advisor Board:**
    *   Alok Joshi, former head of RAW (Research and Analysis Wing), was appointed as the chairman of the National Security Advisory Board (NSAB). His area of expertise is national security. This appointment followed the Pulwama incident.

*   **Cast Census:**
    *   The 2026-27 caste census will be mandatory, unlike previous voluntary censuses. Participation is compulsory. The last caste census was conducted in 1931.

*   **Appointments:**
    *   The 26th Chief Election Commissioner of India is Mr. Gyanesh Kumar.

*   **Defense Exercises:**
    *   The Indian Army conducted a coastal military exercise, "Jal Thal Raksha 25," involving the Army, Air Force, and Navy in Gujarat.

*   **Madhya Pradesh:**
    *   Madhya Pradesh unveiled the country's first Global Capability Center (GCC) policy.

*   **Matsya 6000:**
    *   Matsya 6000 is an underwater mission (submarine). The space mission equivalent is Gaganyaan, while the underwater mission is Samudrayan.*   **Caste Census in India:**
    *   1881-1931: Caste data included in every census.
    *   1931 Census: Recorded 4147 castes in India; the last census to include caste data.
    *   Post-Independence (1947): The 1948 Census Act omitted caste data.
    *   2011 Caste Census: Data collected but not published.
    *   2014 Onwards: Government reviewed the 2011 data, citing technical issues to the Supreme Court in 2021 for non-publication.
    *   2025 Cabinet Approval: Data collection planned for 2026-2027; mandatory caste information.

*   **2011 Caste Census:**
    *   Data collected but not published due to claimed technical issues.

*   **2021 Supreme Court Inquiry:**
    *   Government cited technical flaws in the 2011 caste census data for non-publication.

*   **2025 Cabinet Approval:**
    *   Cabinet approved a caste census in April 2025.

*   **2026-2027 Caste Census Implementation:**
    *   Data collection scheduled for 2026-2027.
    *   Caste declaration will be mandatory.

*   **India-Philippines Relations:**
    *   Unveiling of a statue of Thiruvalluvar in the Philippines to commemorate 75 years of diplomatic ties.

*   **India-Japan Military Exercise:**
    *   The sixth edition of the joint military exercise "Dharma Guardian" will be conducted between India and Japan.

*   **Rajnath Singh's Visits to Russia:**
    *   Visited for the commissioning ceremony of the INS Tatsa in Kaliningrad.
    *   Second visit will be on May 9th.

*   **Varun Sagar Lake:**
    *   Located in Ajmer, Rajasthan.
    *   Formerly known as Fay Sagar Lake.

*   **India's First Bio-Bank:**
    *   Inaugurated at the Padmajya Naidu Zoological Park.

*   **Russia's Victory Day Parade 2025:**
    *   80th anniversary parade on May 9th, 2025, in Moscow.
    *   Commemorates the Soviet Union's victory over Nazi Germany in 1945.
    *   Defence Minister Rajnath Singh will represent India.
    *   Rajnath Singh previously visited Russia for the commissioning ceremony of the INS Teg ship in Kaliningrad.*   **Corruption Perception Index 2024:** India ranked 96th out of 180 countries.

*   **mITRA Platform:** SEBI launched the mITRA platform to track inactive mutual fund folios.

*   **MAGA+MIGA Initiative:** Prime Minister Modi introduced the MAGA+MIGA (Make America Great Again + Make India Great Again) concept, a joint US-India initiative.

*   **Raja Bhalendra Singh Trophy:** The Services team won the Raja Bhalendra Singh Trophy at the National Games held in Uttarakhand. The mascot was Mouli. Madhabi Puri Buch is the current head of SEBI.

*   **Russia's Victory Day Parade 2025:** India will be represented at Russia's Victory Day parade (May 9th).

*   **Vizhinjam Port:**
    *   Located in Kerala.
    *   India's first transshipment port.
    *   Located 10 nautical miles from international shipping routes.
    *   Adani Ports will operate the port.
    *   Inaugurated May 2, 2025, by Prime Minister Modi.

*   **Aero India Show:** Inaugurated by Defence Minister Rajnath Singh in Bengaluru.

*   **Cricket Record:** Rohit Sharma achieved the second-highest number of sixes in ODI history.

*   **Global AI Conference:** Third global conference on Artificial Intelligence held in Paris. Previous conferences in Bletchley (England) and Seoul (South Korea).

*   **Thaipoosam Festival:** Celebrated in Tamil Nadu, dedicated to Lord Murugan.

*   **Nature Restoration Funding:** England provided $9 million for nature restoration (2025-2028). FAO is involved.

*   **International Organizations:**
    *   **IUCN:** Founded 1948, Gland, Switzerland. Publishes the Red Data Book.
    *   **WWF:** Founded 1961, Gland, Switzerland.

*   **CITES:** Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (plants and animals).```markdown
### M for Nature Initiative

*   Launched by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO).
*   Aims at nature restoration.
*   Funded by the UK with $9 million.
*   To run from 2025 to 2028.

### FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization)

*   Established on October 16, 1945.
*   Headquarters in Rome, Italy.
*   World Food Day is celebrated on October 16th.

### IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature)

*   Established in 1948.
*   Headquarters in Gland, Switzerland.
*   Publishes the Red Data Book.

### WWF (World Wildlife Fund)

*   Established in 1961.
*   Headquarters in Gland, Switzerland.

### CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species)

*   Aims to prevent illegal trade of endangered species (plants and wildlife).

### Current Affairs Summary (May 2, 2025)

*   **International Events:**
    *   International Workers' Day (May 1st, 2025) was celebrated globally.
    *   India won 43 medals in the Asian Under-15 and Under-17 Boxing Championships.

*   **Indian Domestic Affairs:**
    *   Prime Minister Modi inaugurated India's first transhipment port in Vizhinjam, Kerala.
    *   Defence Minister Rajnath Singh represented India at Russia's Victory Day celebrations.
    *   The Union Cabinet approved a caste-based census for the first time since 1931.
    *   Alok Joshi appointed as Chairman of the National Security Advisory Board.
    *   Maharashtra secured the top position in the 2025 "Care Edge State Ranking" among larger states.
    *   GST collection reached a record ₹2.37 lakh crore in April 2025.
    *   The Maharashtra government purchased a sword of Raghuji Bhonsle from Sotheby's auction in London for ₹47.15 lakh.
    *   The fourth meeting of the Joint Working Group between India and Egypt was held in Cairo.

### Important Days and Events

*   National Milk Day: June 1st
*   World Sustainable Transport Day: November 26th
*   World AIDS Day: December 1st
*   World Computer Literacy Day: December 2nd
*   Indian Navy Day: December 4th
*   World Soil Day: December 5th
*   Armed Forces Flag Day: December 7th
*   International Human Rights Day: December 10th
*   International Mountain Day: December 11th
*   Vijay Diwas: December 16th
*   First World Basketball Day: December 21st, 2023
*   National Mathematics Day: December 22nd
*   National Farmers' Day: December 23rd
*   National Consumer Day: December 24th
*   Good Governance Day: December 25th
*   Veer Baal Diwas: December 26th
*   International Day of Epidemic Preparedness: December 27th
*   Startup India Day: January 16th
*   National Girl Child Day: January 24th
*   Shaheed Diwas: January 30th and March 23rd, 1931
*   World Cancer Day: February 4th
*   Pravasi Bharatiya Divas: January 9th
*   Parakram Diwas: January 23rd
*   Panchayati Raj Day: April 24th, 1993
*   Civil Services Day: April 21st
*   World Labour Day: May 1st
*   World Milk Day: June 1st
*   Kargil Vijay Diwas: July 26th
*   Air Force Day: October 8th
*   Toilet Day: November 19th
*   Braille Day: January 4th
*   Coast Guard Day: February 1st
*   Deworming Day: February 10th
*   World Wildlife Day: March 3rd
*   National Technology Day: May 11th
*   Anti-Terrorism Day: May 21st

### October 2023

*   World Food Day: October 16th (commemorates the founding of the FAO in 1945).
*   World Statistics Day: October 20th.
*   United Nations Day: October 24th.
*   World Polio Day: October 24th.
*   National Unity Day: October 31st (birth anniversary of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel).

### November 2023

*   International Biosphere Reserve Day: November 3rd.
*   World Tsunami Awareness Day: November 5th.
*   National Legal Services Day: November 9th (commemorates the establishment of NALSA).
*   Ayurveda Day: November 10th.
*   National Education Day: November 11th.
*   National Public Service Broadcasting Day: November 12th.
*   National Milk Day: November 26th (coincides with Constitution Day).
*   World Sustainable Transport Day: November 26th (celebrated in 2023).
*   World AIDS Day: December 1st.
*   World Computer Literacy Day: December 2nd.

### December 2023

*   Indian Navy Day: December 4th.
*   World Soil Day: December 5th.
*   Armed Forces Flag Day: December 7th.
*   International Human Rights Day: December 10th (commemorates the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights).
*   International Mountain Day: December 11th.
*   Vijay Diwas: December 16th.
*   First World Basketball Day: December 21st (celebrated in 2023).
*   National Mathematics Day: December 22nd (birth anniversary of Ramanujan).
*   National Farmers' Day: December 23rd (birth anniversary of Chaudhary Charan Singh).
*   National Consumer Day: December 24th.
*   Good Governance Day: December 25th (birth anniversary of Atal Bihari Vajpayee).
*   Veer Bal Diwas: December 26th.
*   International Day of Epidemic Preparedness: December 27th.

### Other Dates

*   National Girl Child Day: January 24th.
*   Martyrs' Day: January 30th (death anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi) and March 23rd, 1931 (execution of Bhagat Singh, Rajguru, and Sukhdev).
*   World Cancer Day: February 4th.
*   Pravasi Bharatiya Divas: January 9th.
*   Parakram Diwas: January 23rd (birth anniversary of Subhas Chandra Bose).
*   Panchayati Raj Day: April 24th (commemorates the 73rd Constitutional Amendment).
*   Civil Services Day: April 21st.
*   World Labour Day: May 1st.
*   World Milk Day: June 1st.
*   Kargil Vijay Diwas: July 26th.
*   Air Force Day: October 8th.
*   Toilet Day: November 19th.
*   Braille Day: January 4th.
*   Coast Guard Day: February 1st.
*   Deworming Day: February 10th.
*   World Wildlife Day: March 3rd.
*   National Technology Day: May 11th.
*   Anti-Terrorism Day: May 21st.
```- **August 2023:**
    - Chandrayaan-3's Vikram lander touched down on the Moon's south pole on August 23rd. This date is now celebrated as National Space Day.

- **September:**
    - International Charity Day: September 5th.
    - International Police Cooperation Day: September 7th (coincides with Interpol's founding in 1923).
    - International Literacy Day: September 8th.
    - National Hindi Day: September 14th (Hindi adopted as an official language in 1949).
    - National Engineers Day: September 15th.
    - World Ozone Day: September 16th (commemorates the Montreal Protocol of 1987).
    - World Bamboo Day: September 18th.
    - International Day of Peace: September 21st.
    - World Alzheimer's Day: September 21st.
    - World Rivers Day: September 24th.
    - World Tourism Day: September 27th.
    - World Heart Day: September 29th.

- **October:**
    - International Coffee Day: October 1st.
    - International Day of Non-Violence: October 2nd (Gandhi's birthday).
    - World Teachers' Day: October 5th.
    - International Day of the Girl Child: October 11th.
    - World Sight Day: October 12th.
    - International Day for Disaster Reduction: October 13th.
    - World Students' Day: October 15th (Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam's birthday).
    - World Food Day: October 16th (commemorates the founding of the FAO in 1945).
    - World Statistics Day: October 20th.
    - United Nations Day: October 24th.
    - World Polio Day: October 24th.

- **November:**
    - International Day for Biological Diversity: November 3rd.
    - World Tsunami Awareness Day: November 5th.
    - National Legal Services Day: November 9th (coincides with NALSA's founding).
    - Ayurveda Day: November 10th.
    - National Education Day: November 11th.
    - National Public Service Broadcasting Day: November 12th.

- **December:**
    - World AIDS Day: December 1st.
    - World Computer Literacy Day: December 2nd.
    - World Soil Day: December 5th.
    - Armed Forces Flag Day: December 7th.
    - International Human Rights Day: December 10th (commemorates the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948).
    - International Mountain Day: December 11th.
    - Vijay Diwas: December 16th.
    - First World Basketball Day: December 21st (celebrated in 2023).
    - National Mathematics Day: December 22nd (Ramanujan's birthday).
    - National Farmers' Day: December 23rd.

- **June Observances:**
    - World Food Safety Day: June 7th
    - World Oceans Day: June 8th
    - First International Day of Sport for Development and Peace: June 11th
    - World Blood Donor Day: June 14th
    - World Day to Combat Desertification and Drought: June 17th
    - International Day of Fight Against Hate Speech: June 18th
    - World Refugee Day: June 20th
    - 10th International Yoga Day: June 21st
    - United Nations Public Service Day: June 23rd
    - Olympic Day: June 23rd (International Olympic Committee founded in 1894)
    - Constitution Day: June 25th (marks the date of the 1975 Emergency in India)

- **July Observances:**
    - National Doctor's Day: July 1st (Birth anniversary of Bidhan Chandra Roy)
    - World Population Day: July 11th (marks the date the world population reached 5 billion in 1987)
    - Nelson Mandela International Day: July 18th
    - World Chess Day: July 20th
    - International Tiger Day: July 29th

- **August Observances:**
    - World Wide Web Day: August 1st (Tim Berners-Lee)
    - Hiroshima Day: August 6th (Anniversary of the atomic bombing)
    - National Handicraft Day/Javelin Throw Day: August 7th
    - International Day of the World's Indigenous Peoples: August 9th
    - World Lion Day: August 10th
    - International Elephant Day: August 12th
    - National Space Day: August 23rd (marks Chandrayaan-3's Vikram lander landing on the Moon's South Pole in 2023)
    - National Sports Day: August 29th (Major Dhyan Chand's birthday)
    - World Sanskrit Day: August 31st

- **September Observances:**
    - National Teachers' Day: September 5th (Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan's birthday)
    - International Day of Charity: September 5th
    - International Day of Police Cooperation: September 7th (marks the founding of Interpol in 1923)
    - International Literacy Day: September 8th
    - National Hindi Day: September 14th (marks Hindi's adoption as an official language in 1949)
    - International Day of Democracy/National Engineers Day: September 15th (M. Visvesvaraya's birthday)
    - World Ozone Day: September 16th (marks the Montreal Protocol in 1987)
    - World Bamboo Day: September 18th
    - International Day of Peace: September 21st
    - World Alzheimer's Day: September 21st
    - World Rivers Day: September 24th
    - World Tourism Day: September 27th
    - World Heart Day: September 29th

- **October Observances:**
    - International Coffee Day: October 1st
    - International Day of Non-Violence: October 2nd (Gandhi's birthday)
    - World Teachers' Day: October 5th
    - International Day of the Girl Child: October 11th
    - World Sight Day: October 12th
    - International Day for Disaster Risk Reduction: October 13th

- **March:**
    * World Water Day: March 22nd
    * World Meteorological Day: March 23rd
    * World Tuberculosis Day: March 24th
    * National Maritime Day: April 5th
    * World Health Day: April 7th (Theme: My health, my right)
    * World Homeopathy Day: April 10th
    * World Hemophilia Day: April 17th
    * World Heritage Day: April 18th (Theme: Discovering and experiencing diversity)
    * International Earth Day: April 22nd (Theme: Invest in our planet)
    * World Book and Copyright Day: April 23rd
    * World Malaria Day: April 25th
    * World Intellectual Property Day: April 26th
    * World Press Freedom Day: May 3rd
    * World Red Cross Day: May 8th
    * World Thalassemia Day: May 8th
    * International Nurses Day: May 12th
    * International Day of Families: May 15th
    * International Day of Light: May 16th
    * International Museum Day: May 18th
    * World Metrology Day: May 20th (Theme: Measuring our world for a sustainable future)
    * International Day for Biological Diversity: May 22nd (Theme: Build a shared future for all life)
    * World Football Day: May 25th
    * First International Potato Day: May 30th
    * World No Tobacco Day: May 31st
    * World Environment Day: June 5th (Theme: Land restoration)
    * World Food Safety Day: June 7th
    * World Oceans Day: June 8th (Theme: Planet Ocean: Tides are turning)
    * First International Day of Sport for Development and Peace: June 11th (Theme: Sport creates a better world)
    * World Blood Donor Day: June 14th
    * World Day to Combat Desertification and Drought: June 17th
    * International Day of the Fight Against Hate Speech: June 18th
    * World Refugee Day: June 20th
    * 10th International Yoga Day: June 21st (Theme: Yoga for humanity)
    * United Nations Public Service Day: June 23rd
    * Olympic Day: June 23rd
    * Constitution Day: June 25th

* **January 2024:**
    * World Hindi Day (January 10): Theme - Connecting Hindi traditional knowledge and artificial intelligence.
    * National Youth Day (January 12): Celebrates Swami Vivekananda's birthday.
    * Indian Army Day (January 15).
    * International Education Day (January 24).
    * National Girl Child Day (January 24).
    * National Voters' Day (January 25).
    * National Tourism Day (January 25).
    * Republic Day (January 26): Theme -  India, the mother of democracy and developed India.

* **February 2024:**
    * World Pulses Day (February 10): Theme - Pulses: nutritious food, soil, and people.
    * World Radio Day (February 13): Also National Women's Day.
    * International Mother Language Day (February 21).
    * National Science Day (February 28).

* **March 2024:**
    * Zero Discrimination Day (March 1).
    * International Women's Day (March 8).
    * International Mathematics Day (March 14).
    * World Consumer Rights Day (March 15).
    * National Vaccination Day (March 16): Theme - Vaccines work for everyone.
    * World Forestry Day (March 21).
    * World Water Day (March 22).
    * World Meteorological Day (March 23).
    * World Tuberculosis Day (March 24).

* **April 2024:**
    * National Maritime Day (April 5).
    * World Health Day (April 7): Established in 1948 by WHO. Theme - My health, my right.
    * World Homeopathy Day (April 10).
    * World Hemophilia Day (April 17).
    * World Heritage Day (April 18): Theme - Discovering and experiencing diversity.
    * International Earth Day (April 22): Theme - Invest in our planet.
    * World Book and Copyright Day (April 23).
    * World Malaria Day (April 25).
    * World Intellectual Property Day (April 26).

* **May 2024:**
    * World Press Freedom Day (May 3).
    * World Red Cross Day (May 8): Commemorates Henry Dunant.
    * World Thalassemia Day (May 8).
    * International Nurses Day (May 12).
    * International Day of Families (May 15).
    * International Day of Light (May 16).
    * International Museum Day (May 18).
    * World Metrology Day (May 20): Theme - Measuring our world for a sustainable tomorrow.
    * International Day for Biological Diversity (May 22): Theme - Build a shared future for all life.
    * World Football Day (May 25).
    * First International Potato Day (May 30).
    * World No Tobacco Day (May 31).
    * World Environment Day (June 5): Theme - Land Restoration.