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Livestock in Rajasthan
A. Introduction B. Livestock Census C. Major Breeds of Animals D. Animal Research Centers E. Major Diseases Related to Animals F. Animal Fairs G. Schemes Related to Animals
A. Introduction
* Livestock is part of the primary sector in the economy, which is an important part of settled and dry farming.
* The share/contribution of the livestock sector in the economy in agriculture and related sectors is 48.58 percent.
* Animal husbandry contributes approximately 10.99% to the gross domestic product of the state.
- Agriculture Related Areas: * Agricultural Crop = 44.53% * Livestock = 48.58% * Forestry sector = 6.40% * Fisheries sector = 0.49% Page 298
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B. Livestock Census
* Livestock census is conducted by the Department of Animal Husbandry (1951), Jaipur.
* Time of livestock census: Once every 5 years (First livestock census - 1919)
* According to the latest Livestock Census - 2019 (20th Livestock Census), total livestock in Rajasthan:
| Year | Livestock |
|---|---|
| 2012 | 577.30 Lakh |
| 2019 | 568.01 Lakh |
| Decrease 1.61% (9.31 Lakh) |
- According to the 20th Livestock Census, livestock in Rajasthan is 10.60 percent of the total livestock in the country.
- According to the 20th Livestock Census, the most common animals found in Rajasthan are: * 1st - Goat = 36.70% * 2nd - Cow = 24.47% * 3rd - Buffalo = 24.10% * 4th - Sheep = 13.91%
- The animal wealth of the country that is found the most in Rajasthan - camel, cow, goat, etc.
| Animal | Rajasthan's contribution to the country |
|---|---|
| Camel | 84.43% |
| Donkey | 13.31% |
| Goat | 10.64% |
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Animal Density in Rajasthan as per 20th Livestock Census- 166/Km²
### Highest
1. Dungarpur - 433
2. Banswara - 386
3. Dausa - 368
- Jaipur - 208
Lowest
- Jaisalmer - 12
- Bikaner - 30
- Baran - 110 4. Churu - 117
Animals with the highest increase in Rajasthan as per 20th Livestock Census
On the basis of numbers:
* 1. Buffalo
* 2. Cow
On the basis of percentage:
* 1. Buffalo (5.53%)
* 2. Cow (4.60%)
Animals with the highest decrease in Rajasthan as per 20th Livestock Census
On the basis of numbers
* 1. Sheep
* 2. Goat
* 3. Camel
* 4. Pig
* 5. Donkey
On the basis of percentage
* 1. Donkey - 71.31%
* 2. Pig - 60.33%
* 3. Shubhr - 36.87%
* 4. Camel - 34.63%
* 5. Sheep - 18.35%
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C. Livestock Breeds of Rajasthan
*(The 19th Livestock Census (2007) was the first livestock census to be done on the basis of breeds of animals.)*
### 1. **Goat:** (Highest - Barmer, Lowest - Dholpur)
| Breed | Area | Features |
|---|---|---|
| Marwari/Lohi | North-Western Rajasthan (Jodhpur, Pali, Jalore) | Famous for meat |
| Jakhrana/Alwari | Alwar, Behror | Highest milk producing breed |
| Shekhawati | Sikar, Jhunjhunu | Hornless goat. Breed developed by scientists at CAZRI |
| Parbatsari | Nagaur, Ajmer, Tonk | A nutritious milk producing breed |
| Barbari | Eastern Rajasthan (Alwar, Bharatpur, Karauli, Dholpur) | Most beautiful |
| Sirohi | Sirohi, Jalore | Famous for meat |
| Jamunapari | Hadoti (Kota, Bundi, Jhalawar) | Famous for meat and milk |
* **Note:** 1. Goats of Barda village (Nagaur) are considered to be of the best breed.
* 2. The goat is called the poor man's cow or a mobile refrigerator.
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- NOTE: The meat of goat is called "Chevan".
2. Cattle: (Highest - Bikaner, Jodhpur, and Lowest - Dholpur)
| Breed | Area | Features |
|---|---|---|
| Rathi | Bikaner, Jaisalmer, Nagaur | Highest milk production, Kamdhenu of Rajasthan. It is a mixture of Lal Sindhi and Sahiwal. |
| Tharparkar | Jaisalmer, Barmer, and Jodhpur | Breed of Sindh province (Pak) and Malani (Barmer) |
| Gir | Ajmer, Bhilwara, Chittorgarh | Original breed from Gujarat (Gir) |
| Nagori | Nagaur | Nagori bulls are considered best for running, load carrying, and agricultural work. |
| Kankrej | Barmer and Jalore | Original place - Gujarat |
| Mewati | Alwar, Bharatpur | For Mewat region |
| Haryanvi | Sikar, Jhunjhunu | Original place - Haryana |
| Malvi | South-Eastern Rajasthan | Original place - Malwa (MP) |
| Sanchori | Jalore, Sirohi | Famous for dairy industry |
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3. Foreign Breeds of Buffaloes
- Jersey -> Origin - America
- Red Den -> Origin - Denmark
- Holstein -> Origin - Holland + America * Black and white spots on the body! * Highest milk producing breed of cow!
3. Buffalo
- (Highest - Jaipur, Lowest - Jaisalmer) | Breed | Area | Features | |----------------|----------------|-----------------------------------| | Murrah (Khundi) | Eastern Rajasthan | The most found in Rajasthan and highest milk producing breed! | | Bhadawari | Western Rajasthan | Original place - Gujarat | | Jafrabadi| Western Rajasthan | Original place - Gujarat | | Mehsana | Western Rajasthan | Original place - Gujarat | | Bhadawari | Eastern Rajasthan | Original place - Uttar Pradesh | | | Highest fat content milk|
- Other Breeds of Buffaloes:
- Nagpuri
- Reh
- Rav
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4. Sheep:
(Highest - Barmer, Lowest - Banswara)
| Breed | Region | Features |
|---|---|---|
| Malpuri | Jaipur, Tonk, Sawai Madhopur | Suitable for carpets due to thick wool |
| Chokla | Churu, Sikar, Bikaner | Best quality of wool is obtained, which is called "Merino of India" |
| Sonadi/Chanothar | Udaipur, Dungarpur, Chittorgarh | Long-eared |
| Nali | Hanumangarh, Ganganagar | Breed found in the Ghaggar river region |
| Pugal | Bikaner | |
| Magra | Bikaner | Called "Bikaneri Chokla" |
| Marwari | Jodhpur, Barmer, Nagaur, Pali | Most found in Rajasthan, highest disease resistance |
| Jaisalmeri | Jaisalmer, Jodhpur | *Maximum wool obtained |
| Kheri | Jodhpur, Pali, Nagaur | Suitable for wool workers |
4. Foreign Breeds of Sheep:
1. Russian Merino- Tonk, Jaipur, Sikar
2. Rambull - Tonk
3. Dorset - Tonk
4. Corriedale - Chittorgarh
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(5). Camel
(Highest- Jaisalmer, Lowest - Pratapgarh)State animal of Rajasthan * [in animal wealth = Chinkara (1981), in animal wealth = Camel (Sept 2014)]
| Breed | Area | Features |
|---|---|---|
| Bikaneri | Bikaner | To carry weight / loads. Hair on eyes and ears |
| Nachna | Jaisalmer | Famous for beauty and running. |
| Gomath | Jodhpur | Famous for camel riding! |
- Other Breeds: Sindhi, Kutchi, Mewati, Mewari
(6) Horse
*(Highest - Bikaner, Barmer, and Lowest - Dungarpur)*
| Breed | Area | Features |
|---|---|---|
| Malani | Barmer (Guda Malani), Balotra (Siwana) | Best breed of horse |
| Marwari | Western Rajasthan | |
| Kathiawari | Barmer, Jalore | Its head is like an Arabian horse |
- Donkey (Highest- Barmer)
- Poultry (Highest- Ajmer, Udaipur)
- Pig (Highest- Jaipur, Bharatpur)
- Mule (Highest- Alwar) Page 305
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D. Animal Breeding and Research Centers
- National Camel Research Center: Johadbid (Bikaner)
- Central Animal Research Center: Suratgarh (Sri Ganganagar) * Sheep and Wool Research Center: Avikanagar (Tonk) * Sheep Breeding Center: Fatehpur (Sikar), one of its units = Banklia (Didwana Kuchaman)
- Buffalo Research Center: Vallabhnagar (Udaipur) * Buffalo Breeding Center: Aadha (Jhalawar), Kumher (Deeg) * Bull Mother Farm: Chandan Village (Jaisalmer) * Goat Breeding Center: Ramsar (Ajmer)
- Pig Breeding Center: Alwar * Horse Breeding and Research Center: Keru (Jodhpur)
E. Major Diseases Related to Animals:
| Animal Diseases | Affected Animals | Animal Diseases | Affected Animals |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Sheetalapox | Sheep, Goat | 5. Bird Flu (H5N1) | In Chicken |
| 2. Blue Tongue | Sheep | 6. Sarrha (Tivarsa) | Mainly in Camels |
| 3. Swine Flu (H1N1) | Pig | 7. Ranikhet | In Chicken |
| 4. Rabies | Canine (Dog) | 8. Foot-and-Mouth disease | Cow and Bull |
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F. Major Animal Fairs of Rajasthan
| Animal Fair | Place | Animal Breed |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Shri Baldev Animal Fair | Merta (Nagaur) | Nagori |
| 2. Shri Tejaji Animal Fair | Nagaur (Nagaur) | Nagori |
| 3. Shri Ramdev Animal Fair | Manasar (Nagaur) | Nagori |
| 4. Shri Mallinath Animal Fair | Tilwara (Barmer) | Tharparkar, Kankrej |
| 5. Chandrabhaga Animal Fair | Jhalrapatan (Jhalawar) | Malvi |
| 6. Shri Gomtisagar Animal Fair | Jhalrapatan (Jhalawar) | Malvi |
| 7. Shri Jaswant Animal Fair | Bharatpur | Haryanvi |
| 8. Gogamedi Animal Fair | Hanumangarh | Haryanvi |
| 9. Mahashivratri Animal Fair | Karauli | Haryanvi |
| 10. Kartik Animal Fair | Pushkar | Thirth |
*All the above animal fairs are organized by the Animal Husbandry Department, Jaipur.
G. Schemes Related to Animal Development
- Gopal Yojana:
- Start: 2 October 1990 (South-Eastern Rajasthan, 10 districts)
- Objective: To improve the breeds of animals in rural areas and provide employment opportunities to the youth.
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- Kamdhenu Scheme: * Start: 1997-98 * Objective: To establish breeding centers of improved breeds related to livelihood.
- ADMAS Scheme (Animal Diseases Monitoring and Surveillance)
- Start: 1999
- Objective: To make the breeds of cows and buffaloes disease-free through ICAR (Indian Council of Agricultural Research).
- Rajiv Gandhi Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Development Mission
- Start: 19 January 2010 * Objective: To achieve the goals set in the animal development policy.
- Chief Minister Animal Free Medicine Scheme
- Start: 15 Aug 2012
- Objective: To provide free necessary medicines for animal development by the state government.
- Avik Kavach Yojana:
- Start: 2004, again 2009, again 2018 * This is an insurance scheme for sheep, in which subsidy is available:
- SC/ST and BPL = 80%
- For other animal rearers = 70%
- Start: 2004, again 2009, again 2018 * This is an insurance scheme for sheep, in which subsidy is available:
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- Bhamashah Animal Insurance Scheme
- Start: 23 July 2016
- Objective: Insurance grant for animals of Bhamashah card holder herders
- For SC/ST/BPL = 70%
- For General Category = 50%
- Insurance Amount:
- Cow = ₹ 40,000
- Buffalo = ₹ 50,000
- Sheep/Goat/Pig (10 units) = ₹ 50,000
- A family can get a maximum of 5 large/50 small animals insured.
- Kamdhenu Bima Yojana (Start - 6th Sept. 2023) * For milch animals (Cow, Buffalo) * Free insurance - ₹ 40000 per animal (maximum 2 animals in a family) * If a livestock herder has more than two cows and buffaloes, then the relatively more milch and healthy animal will be insured.
- Gaushala Biogas Partnership Scheme
- Started: April 1, 2018
- Objective: To make Gaushalas self-reliant
* One biogas plant will be installed in a Gaushala. * For this, a subsidy of 50% of the cost or a maximum of 40 lakhs is given. - Started: April 1, 2018
- Chief Minister Milk Producer Sambal Yojana: (Start: 1 June, 2019)
- Subsidy amount : ₹ 5 / liter (on distribution in Saras Dairy)
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- Nandi Gaushala Public Participation Scheme:
- Start: 29 August 2019
- Government assistance in 90:10
- 16 Nandi Gaushalas have been established.
- Chief Minister Bangla Animal Insurance Scheme:
- ₹ 5 lakh - Milch cow, buffalo, sheep, goat
- ₹1 lakh - Camel
- Subsidy amount increased from 50% to 75%
H. Other Important Points
- Animal Husbandry Development Fund = 250 Cr. ₹ 2. Camel: Camel Conservation and Development Mission
- Amount for rearing of newborn camel ₹ 10000 → ₹ 20,000
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