• Milestones:

  • November 4th, 2019: Lecture series began.
  • June 21st, 2025: Anticipated 18001st episode.

• IAS Examination:

  • Correct answer: Option B (No further context provided).

• ILO Data on Social Security:

  • Rank 1: Germany
  • Rank 2: India

• Khanquest:

  • Location: Mongolia (Option A)

• Maldives Tourism:

  • Global Tourism Ambassador: Katrina Kaif (Option D)

• Mumbai Data Centers:

  • Global Rank: 6th (Option C)

• Jagannath Rath Yatra:

  • Location: Puri (Option B)

• Russian Star Award:

  • Recipient: Javed Akhtar (Option A)

• Asian Cricket Council:

  • President: Mohsin Naqvi (Option C)

• Upcoming India Current Affairs Lecture:

  • Date: Tomorrow at 8 PM
  • Topics: Appointments, international and national current affairs, science and technology, significant deaths, exercises, and economics.

• Current Affairs Quiz/Review:

  • GDP for 2022-23: Option D (Value not specified)
  • Amul's EU Launch: Spain (Option C)
  • International Conference on Democracy and Election Assistance: Stockholm, Sweden; attended by India's CEC, Mr. Gyanesh Kumar.

• Tata Compensation (Plane Crash):

  • ₹1 crore compensation to families of deceased.
  • Investigation of malfunctioning systems video underway.
  • New guidelines anticipated.

• Architecture Award:

  • 2025 Pritzker Architecture Prize: Leo Jia Kun

• India's Sporting Win:

  • 2025 Champions Trophy: India defeated New Zealand

• International Criminal Court:

  • Hungary: First European country to withdraw.

• Defense Ties:

  • Sri Lanka military chief, Sanath Ratnayake, visited India.* Air India Flight Crash in Ahmedabad
  • Major Air India flight crash in Ahmedabad.
  • Tata (Air India owner) announced ₹1 crore compensation for each victim's family.
  • Concerns about potential technical failures, prompting investigation.
  • Video emerged showing malfunctioning systems.
  • Plane crash in Ahmedabad shortly after takeoff, impacting a residential area near a medical facility.
  • The crash occurred within 2-5 minutes of takeoff.
  • Air India Boeing 787 Dreamliner flight crashed in Ahmedabad shortly after takeoff at 1:39 AM.
  • Plane took off from runway 23.
  • Carrying approximately 242 passengers and crew.
  • The plane crashed within one to five minutes of takeoff, with the pilot reporting a critical emergency.
  • The plane carried approximately 100,000 liters of highly flammable jet fuel.
  • An Air India flight (Boeing 787 Dreamliner) traveling from Delhi to London, via Ahmedabad, crashed on June 12, 2025.
  • Carrying 242 passengers.

• Casualties (Air India Flight Crash)

  • Crash resulted in numerous fatalities.
  • 242 deaths.
  • Entire family from Rajasthan and former Gujarat Chief Minister Vijay Rupani among deceased.
  • At least one survivor reported, although the majority perished.
  • Former Chief Minister of Gujarat, Vijay Rupani, was among the deceased.

• Investigation (Air India Flight Crash)

  • Analyzing the plane's black box (despite its orange color) to determine the cause.
  • The black box will reveal what transpired in the cockpit before the crash.
  • Investigation will utilize the plane's black box to determine the cause of the crash.
  • Investigation will focus on analyzing the cockpit's recording from the black box.
  • Authorities are focusing on retrieving the black box.

• Crash Site (Air India Flight Crash)

  • The plane impacted a building, with the rear section becoming lodged in the structure, and the front section destroyed.
  • People in a nearby mess hall were also injured or killed.
  • The aircraft crashed near a residential area, impacting a medical facility.
  • Significant portion of the plane was embedded in a building.
  • The aircraft crashed near a residential area, including a medical facility.

• Compensation (Air India Flight Crash)

  • Tata, the owner of Air India, announced compensation of ₹1 crore to the families of each victim.

• Potential Causes Under Investigation (Air India Flight Crash)

  • Investigation into potential technical issues with the flight is underway.
  • A video reportedly shows malfunctions before the flight's departure.
  • Aircraft experienced a complete systems failure.
  • Pilot issued a distress signal immediately after takeoff.

• Pritzker Architecture Prize

  • The 2025 Pritzker Architecture Prize was awarded to Leo Jia Kun.

• India's Champions Trophy Victory

  • India won the Champions Trophy 2025, defeating New Zealand.

• Hungary's Withdrawal from the International Criminal Court

  • Hungary became the first European country to withdraw from the International Criminal Court.

• Visit by Sri Lankan Army Chief

  • The Chief of Staff of the Sri Lankan Army, General Shantha Kottegoda, visited India to strengthen defense ties.

• Zero Poverty P4 Policy

  • Andhra Pradesh's Zero Poverty P4 policy, initiated under Chandrababu Naidu, is mentioned.* Kusum C Project:
  • Launched in Karnataka to provide electricity to farmers using solar pumps.
  • A 20-megawatt solar plant was established in Gauribidanur.

• India-Kyrgyzstan Military Exercise: "Khanjar" joint military exercise.

• Startup India Initiatives: Startup Maha Kumbh launched in Delhi by Piyush Goyal.

• Solar Energy in Railways: Rajasthan is the top state in installing solar energy plants at railway stations.

• Zero Poverty Policy: Andhra Pradesh implemented the "Zero Poverty P4" policy under Chandrababu Naidu.

• Air India Accident:

  • Air India flight carrying 242 passengers to London crashed on June 12th, 2025, after departing from Ahmedabad.
  • Flight originated in Delhi.
  • Aircraft: Boeing 787 Dreamliner.

• Military Exercise/BIMSTEC:

  • Beyond Visual Range Air-to-Air missile (previously Astra missile) showcased.
  • Ramleela Ramayana performance in Thailand, coinciding with a BIMSTEC meeting.

• Naval Training: Indian Navy conducted its first maritime training exercise under the Sagar initiative in Kochi.

• First Woman Legal Secretary: Anju Rathi Rana appointed as India's first woman law secretary.

• Strawberry Moon:

  • June's full moon, coincides with the ripening of wild strawberries.
  • Appears lower in the sky.
  • Last seen in 2006, appeared again June 10-11, 2024, and will next appear in 2043.

• Other Full Moon Names:

  • Snow Moon: February.
  • Buck Moon: July (deer antlers developing).
  • Blue Moon: Second full moon in a single calendar month.* Space Technology
  • Tech Me To Space launched India's first AI space lab (MOI).
  • Tech Me To Space plans to launch India's first "thinking satellite" (satellite with a brain) using the SSLV (Small Satellite Launch Vehicle).

• Military Technology

  • Russia launched the Zircon hypersonic missile.

• Public Health

  • The Indian government launched the "Jubin" portal to monitor anti-rabies and anti-snake venom stock.

• International Relations

  • The Prime Minister of India received the Barbados' highest award, the Order of Freedom. The Prime Minister also received the highest awards from numerous other countries (Nigeria mentioned specifically).

• Astronomy

  • A Strawberry Moon, a rare event occurring every 18 years, was visible on June 10-11, 2024. The last occurrence was in 2006, the next will be in 2043. The event coincided with the Rath Yatra and Snan Purnima.

• Global Internet Shutdown Report

  • Myanmar ranked first, India second.

• Book Launch

  • Sanjeev Chopra's "The Great Conciliator" launched.

• Lal Bahadur Shastri

  • Remembered for "Jai Jawan Jai Kisan"; negotiated Tashkent Agreement; posthumously awarded Bharat Ratna in 1966.

• Bhagirath App

  • Launched by Uttarakhand for water conservation.

• NASA Mission

  • Sparx mission launched to study events immediately after the Big Bang.

• UEFA Nations League

  • Winner: Portugal
  • Runner-up: Spain
  • Host City: Munich, Germany
  • Top Goalscorer: Cristiano Ronaldo

• Portugal-related Current Events

  • Lisbon, the capital of Portugal, awarded the "City of Honor" award to Indian President Droupadi Murmu.
  • Portugal's historical presence in India: First to arrive in 1498 (Vasco da Gama) and last to leave in 1961 (after Operation Vijay).
  • Contributions of the Portuguese to India: Introduction of tobacco cultivation, the printing press, and Gothic architecture.

• Vandan Katariya's Retirement

  • International hockey player Vandan Katariya recently retired.

• Sarhul Festival

  • The Sarhul festival, dedicated to the worship of the tree of the year, is celebrated in Jharkhand.

• Quantum Chip Launch

  • Amazon launched the first quantum chip, Ocelot. Microsoft (Majarana) also developed a quantum chip. Google developed the Bilo chip.* Volcanic Activity: Recent eruption in Guatemala at Volcán de Fuego (Volcano of Fire). Kilauea and Mauna Loa volcanoes in Hawaii (USA) also had recent eruptions.

• Mars Volcano: NASA captured an image of the Arsia Mons volcano on Mars.

• Highest Active Volcanoes:

  • Earth: Ojos del Salado (Andes Mountains, South America).
  • Solar System: Olympus Mons (Mars), three times the height of Mount Everest.

• Central American Countries: Belize, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, and Honduras.

• Oscar Awards: "Ooneera" won Best Film.

• Hockey: Vandana Katariya retired from international hockey.

• Festival: Sarhul festival celebrated in Jharkhand, dedicated to tree worship.

• Quantum Computing: Microsoft launched the Ocelot quantum chip. Google released the "Billo" chip. Amazon mentioned in relation to quantum chip development.

• UEFA Nations League:

  • 2024-25 winner: Portugal.
  • Final: Portugal defeated Spain.
  • Host: Munich, Germany.
  • Cristiano Ronaldo scored for Portugal.

• Ranji Trophy (Cricket): Vidarbha won the 2025 Ranji Trophy; Kerala was the runner-up.

• India-Maldives Exercises: Ekverin and Ekta.

• India-Malaysia Exercises: Harimau Shakti and Samudra Lakshman. Malaysia's capital is Kuala Lumpur, and its currency is the Ringgit.

• Vietnam: Hanoi is the capital, and the Dong is its currency. Vesak Purnima (Buddha Purnima) celebrations were held in Vietnam.

• India-US Exercises: Tiger Trump, Vajra Prahar, and Cope India.

• Sports: Manisha Bhokanal won a gold medal at the Senior Asia Wrestling Championship 2025.

• Sri Lanka:

  • DFCC Bank (Sri Lankan bank) launched a green bond in GIFT City, Gujarat, India to fund renewable energy projects (solar energy).
  • Mitra Shakti exercise between India and Sri Lanka.
  • Palk Strait located between India and Sri Lanka.
  • Operation Pawan (1987) aimed to end the LTTE group.

• Maldives: Katrina Kaif is the brand ambassador for the Maldives.* Space Missions

  • Subhanshu Shukla: Second Indian on Axiom-4 mission to ISS. First was Rakesh Sharma.
  • Tusshar Mehta: Part of Blue Origin's NS-30 flight.

• Green Bonds

  • DFCC Bank (Sri Lanka): First foreign bank to launch green bonds in GIFT City, Gujarat, India.
  • Funds for: Renewable energy projects, especially solar.

• India-Sri Lanka Relations

  • Mithra Shakti: Joint military exercise.
  • Palk Strait: Between India and Sri Lanka.

• UN Designations

  • 2026: International Year of Women in Agriculture.
  • 2025: International Year of Cooperatives, Quantum Technology, Peace and Development.

• Appointments

  • Sarala Boothe (Ghana): First African woman as Commonwealth Secretary-General.

• Events

  • Varma Regional 3R and Circular Economy Forum: Launched in Jaipur, India.

• Indian Constitution & Child Labor

  • Article 23: Prohibits human trafficking and forced labor.
  • Article 24: Prohibits employing children under 14 in hazardous industries.

• International Yoga Day 2024

  • Theme: Yoga for One Earth, One Health.
  • Date: June 21st.

• Military Exercise

  • Desert Hunt: Integrated tri-services exercise in Rajasthan.

• Moon Landing

  • Blue Ghost Mission: Second private spacecraft to soft land on the moon.

• SpaceX Mission

  • Frame 2 Mission: First human mission to orbit Earth's poles.

• World Day Against Child Labour 2025

  • Date: June 12th.
  • Theme: Progress is clear, but more remains to be done.
  • Initiated: 2002 by ILO (International Labour Organization).

• Gender Equality Index

  • Bottom (148th): Pakistan, Sudan, Chad.
  • Bangladesh: 24th.
  • India: 131st.
  • Pillars: Women's economic participation, political empowerment, literacy, health.

• India's Rankings

  • Corruption Index: 96th

  • Human Development Index: 130th

  • Press Freedom Index: 151st

  • Happiness Index: 118th* Global Gender Gap Index:

  • India ranked 131 out of 148 countries.

  • A decrease of 2 ranks from the previous year (129).

  • Iceland ranked 1st (16th consecutive time).

  • Pakistan, Sudan, and one other unnamed country ranked last (148th).

  • Bangladesh ranked 24th.

  • Based on women's economic participation, political empowerment, literacy, and health.

• Other Indices:

  • Corruption Perception Index: India ranked 96th.
  • Human Development Index: India ranked 130th.
  • Press Freedom Index: India ranked 151st.
  • World Happiness Index: India ranked 118th.

• IIM Ahmedabad:

  • Announced its first international campus in Dubai.

• India-US Joint Military Exercise:

  • "Tiger Kilo" (or Tiger Claw) was the first-ever joint military exercise between India and the USA.
  • Conducted by the Garud (Indian Air Force special forces).
  • Took place in North India, at the Garud training center in Baghpat, Uttar Pradesh.
  • Other exercises: Tiger Trump, Vajra Prahar, Cope India, Yuddh Abhyas.

• SEBI:

  • The 11th chairperson was appointed.

• WEF:

  • Published Global Gender Gap Report.
  • Founded in 1971.
  • Headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.
  • Annual meeting in Davos, Switzerland.

• Air India:

  • A Boeing 787 Dreamliner flight crashed near Ahmedabad airport (242 passengers).

• Sri Lanka:

  • Army Chief, Lt. Gen. Lasantha Rodrigo, visited India.

• Strawberry Moon:

  • Occurred on the night of June 10-11 (18-year cycle).

• Karnataka:

  • Chief Minister Siddaramaiah launched the Kusuma project.

• Hyderabad:

  • Startup "Take Me To Space" plans to launch India's first thinking satellite.

• World Day Against Child Labour:

  • Observed on June 12th, 2025.

• Sri Lanka (Green Bonds):

  • DFCC Bank became the first foreign bank to launch green bonds on the GIFT IFSC.

• Guatemala:

  • Volcanic eruption at the Volcán de Fuego.

• UEFA Nations League:

  • Portugal won, defeating Spain.```markdown

Five-Year Plans

• Sixth Five-Year Plan (1980-1985):

  • Based on the Input-Output model.
  • Focused on employment creation and poverty alleviation.
  • Establishment of NABARD (National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development) in 1982.
  • Nationalization of six more banks in 1980.
  • Indira Gandhi's death in 1984 and Operation Blue Star.
  • India's occupation of Siachen Glacier in 1984 via Operation Meghdoot.

• Seventh Five-Year Plan (1985-1990):

  • Slogan: "Roti, Rozi aur Utpadakta" (Bread, Employment, and Productivity) or "Bhojan, Kaam aur Utpadakta" (Food, Work, and Productivity).
  • Target growth rate: 5%, achieved 6%.
  • Establishment of SEBI (Securities and Exchange Board of India) in 1988.
  • Followed by a two-year plan holiday (1990-1992).

• Eighth Five-Year Plan (1992-1997):

  • Based on the John W. Miller model.
  • Focused on human resource development.
  • Coincided with the introduction of the Human Development Index (HDI) in 1990-91 by Mahbub ul Haq and Amartya Sen, through the UNDP.
  • 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments (Panchayati Raj and Municipalities) enacted in 1992.
  • Establishment of the WTO on January 1, 1995.

• 9th Five-Year Plan (1997-2002):

  • Focused on economic prosperity with social justice and empowerment.
  • Launch of the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) on December 25, 2000.
  • Kargil War occurred during this period.

• 10th Five-Year Plan (2002-2007):

  • Based on the input-output model.
  • Focused on development with social justice and empowerment.
  • Achieved the highest growth rate up to that point: 7.6%.
  • National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) enacted in 2005, implemented nationwide on February 2, 2006.

• 11th Five-Year Plan (2007-2012):

  • Focused on rapid and inclusive development.
  • Targeted a growth rate of 9%, revised to 8.1%, and achieved 8%. This was the highest growth rate achieved up to this point in the lecture.
  • Right to Education Act (RTE) enacted in 2009, implemented from April 1, 2010.

• 12th Five-Year Plan (2012-2017):

  • Target: Rapid, sustainable, and inclusive development.
  • Initial target of 9%, revised to 8.2%, then 8%, achieving 6.7% - 6.9%.
  • Agriculture target: 4%.
  • Fertility rate target: 2.1% (replacement rate).

Economic Crisis of 1991

• Prime Minister: P.V. Narasimha Rao
• Finance Minister: Dr. Manmohan Singh
• Foreign exchange reserves crisis led to the adoption of the New Economic Policy (NEP) – LPG (Liberalization, Privatization, Globalization).

Human Development Index (HDI)

• Introduced in 1990-91 by Mahbub ul Haq and Amartya Sen, under the UNDP.

World Trade Organization (WTO)

• Established on January 1, 1995.

Other

• Air Crash in Ahmedabad:
  • A Boeing 787 Dreamliner crashed. The details of the crash are discussed but the specifics of the event are not detailed in this excerpt.

- **1974:** First nuclear test (Operation Smiling Buddha) at Pokhran, Gujarat
- **1969:** Nationalization of 14 banks

- **Five-Year Plans:**
    - **First Five-Year Plan (1951-1956):**
        - Started April 1, 1951
        - Based on the Harrod-Domar model.
        - Drafted by K.N. Raj.
        - Focused on agriculture.
        - Targeted 2.1% growth, achieved 3.6%.
    - **Second Five-Year Plan (1956-1961):**
        - Based on the Mahalanobis model.
        - Emphasized heavy industry.
        - Establishment of iron and steel plants in Bhilai (Chhattisgarh), Rourkela (Odisha), and Durgapur (West Bengal).
        - Targeted 4.5% growth, achieved 4.27%.
    - **Third Five-Year Plan (1961-1966):**
        - Focused on both agriculture and industry (Sukhamoy Chakravarty model).
        - Affected by the Sino-Indian War (1962) and the Indo-Pakistani War (1965), resulting in failure to meet targets.
        - Death of Lal Bahadur Shastri; introduction of the slogan "Jai Jawan Jai Kisan."
        - Establishment of the Food Corporation of India (1965).
    - **Plan Holiday (1966-1969):**
        - Three-year gap following the Third Five-Year Plan.
        - Implementation of annual plans.
        - Launch of the Green Revolution to achieve food self-sufficiency.
    - **Fourth Five-Year Plan (1969-1974):**
        - Based on the Ashok Rudra model, with a framework prepared by D.R. Gadgil.
        - Goal: Development with stability.
        - Target growth rate: 5.5-5.7%, achieved 3.3%.
        - Events: 1971 India-Pakistan War; 1974 Operation Smiling Buddha (first nuclear test at Pokhran).
        - Nationalization of 14 banks.
    - **Fifth Five-Year Plan (1974-1978):**
        - D.P. Dhar model.
        - Goal: Poverty eradication.
        - Target growth rate: 4.4%, actual growth rate: 4.8%.
        - Ended prematurely in 1978.
    - **Rolling Plan (1978-1980):**
        - Implemented after a change in government.
        - Initiated by Morarji Desai's Janata Party government.
        - Originator: Dr. Gunnar Myrdal (book: *Asian Drama*).
        - Implemented in India by L.K. Jha.
    - **Sixth Five-Year Plan (1980-1985):**
        - Input-output model.
        - Goals: Employment generation and poverty alleviation.
        - Establishment of NABARD (National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development) in 1982.
        - Nationalization of six more banks in 1980.
        - 1984: Death of Indira Gandhi; Operation Blue Star; India's occupation of Siachen Glacier (Operation Meghdoot).