• India's Largest Cargo Terminal: Inaugurated in Maneeshwar, Haryana, by Railway Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw.

• Mobile-Based E-Voting: Bihar becomes the first state to adopt a mobile-based e-voting system for urban elections.

• ISRO Rocket Launch: Successful model rocket launch test conducted by ISRO in Kushinagar, Uttar Pradesh.

• India's Global Ranking: India ranked 131st in the World Economic Forum's Global Gender Gap Report.

• Air India Accident: An Air India flight carrying 242 passengers crashed in Ahmedabad. An investigation is underway, led by Govind Mohan.

• International Relations:

  • Israel conducted an operation against Iranian nuclear sites (Operation True Promising). Iran retaliated.
  • India's Prime Minister Modi became the first Indian PM to visit Croatia. He also visited Cyprus and Canada.

• Appointments:

  • Blare Materville became the first female head of MI6 (England's intelligence agency).
  • Bhupendra Yadav, India's current Environment Minister, was appointed the first head of the International Big Cat Alliance.

• Awards and Recognition:

  • Nitra Kept Sudan received the world's largest environmental award, the Food Planet Award.
  • Prime Minister Modi was awarded the Grand Cross of Makarios III by Cyprus.

• Domestic Developments:

  • The Indian government set the cooling limit for ACs in homes, hotels, and cars at 20-28°C.
  • The Lokpal's new motto is "Empower citizens, expose corruption."
  • Visakhapatnam was named the national host for the 10th anniversary of International Yoga Day.

• Sports: South Africa won the World Test Championship, defeating Australia in the final. Carlos Alcaraz won the French Open 2023 men's singles title, defeating Jannik Sinner. Coco Gauff won the French Open 2023 women's singles title. MS Dhoni became the 11th Indian cricketer inducted into the ICC Hall of Fame.

• Energy: The South Pars gas field, the world's largest gas field, is located in Iran. Israel attacked this field.

• Infrastructure & Technology: India's first Vande Bharat train maintenance depot is being established in Jodhpur, Rajasthan. The world's largest container ship, MSC Irina, arrived at Vizhinjam port in Kerala. India's first underwater museum is located in Maharashtra.

• Politics and International Relations:

  • Ukraine launched a large drone attack on Russia under Operation Spider Web.
  • India's economic advisory council appointed S. Mahendra Dev as its chairman.
  • The Kheer Bhawani Mela was held in Jammu and Kashmir.
  • Analena Baerbock was appointed President of the 80th session of the UN General Assembly (Germany).

• Technology and Science:

  • Andhra Pradesh signed a 5-year agreement with ISRO's Satish Dhawan Space Centre for its Aware platform.
  • BharatJain is India's first indigenous AI model, funded by the Indian government.

• Other Current Events:

  • Shailendra Nath Gupta was appointed the new Director General of Defence Estates.
  • Khichan and Mannar wetlands in Rajasthan were added to the national Ramsar site list (total 91 sites).
  • Ashwin Lohini is associated with the Prime Minister's Museum.
  • Sudha Murthy was selected for the Justice K.S. Hegde award.
  • Shubhanshu Shukla is the second Indian astronaut to go to space with the Gaganyaan mission.* Miss Universe: Opal Suksitta (Thailand) won in Hyderabad.

• Functional Literacy: Goa is second state to achieve complete functional literacy (Mizoram first).

• Ukraine-Russia Conflict: Ukraine – Operation Spider Web (drone attack). Russia – Operation Buniyan al-Marsous. Israel's attack on Gaza: Operation Guardian of the Walls.

• International Glacier Conservation Conference: Dushanbe, Tajikistan.

• UN General Assembly: Annalena Baerbock (Germany) President of 80th session.

• Kheer Bhawani Mela: Jammu and Kashmir.

• IPL 2025: Royal Challengers Bangalore won the 18th edition, defeating Punjab.

• ISRO Agreement: Andhra Pradesh signed 5-year agreement with ISRO’s Satish Dhawan Space Centre for Aware platform.

• Defense Acquisition Council: Shailendra Nath Gupta appointed Director General.

• Ramsar Sites: Khichan (Phalodi, Rajasthan) and Mannar (Udaipur, Rajasthan) added; total 91.

• Prime Minister's Economic Advisory Council: S. Mahendra Dev appointed chairman.

• Prime Minister's Museum: Ashwin Lohini

• India's First Indigenous AI Model: Bharat Jain (large language model).

• Test Series: Anderson-Tendulkar Trophy (India vs. England).

• Justice K.S. Hegde Award: Sudha Murty.

• Second Indian Astronaut on Axiom Mission: Shubhanshu Shukla.

• India State Statistics:

  • Madhya Pradesh: Highest ST population.
  • Mizoram: Highest percentage of ST population.
  • Uttar Pradesh: Highest SC population & highest overall population.
  • Punjab: Highest percentage of SC population.
  • Sikkim: Lowest overall population.
  • Bihar: Highest population density.
  • Arunachal Pradesh: Lowest population density.
  • Meghalaya: Highest population growth rate.
  • Nagaland: Negative population growth rate.
  • Kerala: Highest literacy rate & highest sex ratio.
  • Bihar: Lowest literacy rate.
  • Haryana: Lowest sex ratio.

• Urban Population: Goa has highest percentage (62.2%), Maharashtra has highest number (5.08 crore).

• Literacy: Bihar lowest (61.80%), Kerala highest (94%).

• Rural Population: Himachal Pradesh highest (90%), Bihar second highest (88.7%).

• Sex Ratio: Kerala highest (1084), Haryana lowest (879).

• Child Sex Ratio (0-6 years): Arunachal Pradesh highest (972), Haryana lowest (834).- Population Density:

  • Bihar has the highest population density in India.
  • Arunachal Pradesh has the lowest population density in India.
  • Delhi has the highest population density among Union Territories (UTs).
  • Lakshadweep has the lowest population density among UTs.

• Sex Ratio:

  • The current sex ratio in India is 943 females per 1000 males.
  • Kerala has the highest sex ratio in India (1084 females per 1000 males). It is the only state with a sex ratio over 1000.
  • Haryana has the lowest sex ratio in India.

• Child Sex Ratio (0-6 years):

  • Arunachal Pradesh has the highest child sex ratio.
  • Haryana has the lowest child sex ratio.

• Literacy Rate:

  • India's literacy rate (2011 data) is 73%.
  • Kerala has the highest literacy rate (94%).
  • Bihar has the lowest literacy rate.

• 2011 Census: Population Growth and Density

  • Nagaland: Only state with negative population growth rate (-0.6%).
  • Highest population growth: Meghalaya (27.9%).
  • India's average population growth: 17.7%.
  • Population density:
    • India: 382 people per sq km.
    • Highest: Bihar (1106 people per sq km).
    • Lowest: Arunachal Pradesh (17 people per sq km).

• State-wise Population Data (India, 2011 Census):

  • Uttar Pradesh: 16.51% of India's population.
  • Maharashtra: 9.28% of India's population.
  • Bihar: 8.6% of India's population.
  • West Bengal: 7.54% of India's population.
  • States with lowest population:
    • Sikkim: 0.05%
    • Mizoram: 0.09%
    • Arunachal Pradesh: 0.11%
    • Goa: 0.12%

• Decadal Growth Rate (2001-2011):

  • Highest growth: Meghalaya (27.9%)
  • Lowest growth: Nagaland (-0.6%) Note: Negative growth rate.

• 2011 Census:

  • 15th census in India.
  • India's population was 121.09 crore (second after China at the time of the census).

• Population Growth:

  • 1911-2001: 21.54% increase.
  • 2001-2011: 17.7% decadal growth.
  • Gender distribution: 48.53% female, 51.47% male.

• Indian States (Population & Area):

  • Largest state by area: Rajasthan (previously Madhya Pradesh).
  • Smallest state by area: Goa.
  • Largest Union Territory by area: Ladakh.
  • Smallest Union Territory by area: Lakshadweep.
  • Highest population: Uttar Pradesh (16.51% of India's population).
  • Second highest population: Maharashtra (9.28%).
  • Third highest population: Bihar (8.6%).
  • Fourth highest population: West Bengal (7.54%).
  • Lowest population: Sikkim (0.05%).
  • Second lowest population: Mizoram (0.09%).
  • Third lowest population: Arunachal Pradesh (0.11%).
  • Fourth lowest population: Goa (0.12%).
  • Highest decadal growth (2001-2011): Meghalaya (27.9%).
  • Lowest decadal growth (2001-2011): Nagaland.

• Census History:

  • Census began in 1872 under Viceroy Mayo, but on a scientific, decennial basis in 1881 under Viceroy Ripon.
  • The 2011 census was the 15th overall and the 7th since Indian independence in 1951.
  • The 1911-1921 decade is referred to as the "Great Divide" due to a population decrease caused by famine and epidemics, with 1921 being called the "Great Divide Year."

• 2011 Census Key Findings:
  • The 2011 census recorded India's population as 1.21 billion, second to China at the time. India has since surpassed China.
  • C. Chandramauli was the Census Commissioner in 2011.