Rajasthan

Appearance

Historical Overview (1901-1950) ​

  • 1905:
    • August 7: Swadeshi Movement (boycott of foreign goods) launched in Calcutta Town Hall in protest of Bengal Partition.
    • October 16: Bengal Partition implemented by Lord Curzon; observed as Raksha Bandhan Day.
  • 1907: Surat Session of Congress led by Rash Behari Ghosh resulted in the split of Congress into Moderates and Extremists.
  • 1909: Morley-Minto Act introduced the communal electorate system.
  • 1915:
    • January 9: Mahatma Gandhi returned to India, celebrated as Pravasi Bharatiya Divas.
  • 1916:
    • Lucknow Session of Congress (Ambica Charan Mazumdar): Reunion of Congress factions, pact with Muslim League.
    • Establishment of Banaras Hindu University; Home Rule League Movement by Annie Besant and Bal Gangadhar Tilak.
  • 1917:
    • Calcutta Session of Congress (Annie Besant, first woman president).
    • Champaran Satyagraha: Mahatma Gandhi's first Satyagraha against indigo cultivation and Tinkathia system in Bihar.
  • 1919:
    • Rowlatt Act ("No Appeal, No Dalil, No Vakil").
    • Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms: Introduced dyarchy in provinces.
    • April 13: Jallianwala Bagh Massacre in Amritsar.
  • 1920: Non-Cooperation Movement began; Mahatma Gandhi renounced Kaiser-e-Hind title.
  • 1922:
    • February: Chauri Chaura incident in Gorakhpur led to the suspension of the Non-Cooperation Movement.
  • 1923: Swaraj Party founded by Chittaranjan Das and Motilal Nehru.
  • 1924: Belgaum Session of Congress (Mahatma Gandhi, his only presidency).
  • 1925:
    • Kanpur Session of Congress (Sarojini Naidu, first Indian woman president).
    • August 9: Kakori Train Action (formerly Kakori Train Robbery); 100 years completion in 2025.
  • 1927: Simon Commission formed.
  • 1928: Simon Commission arrived in India ("Simon Go Back"); Nehru Report presented.
  • 1929: Lahore Session of Congress (Jawaharlal Nehru) demanded Purna Swaraj (complete independence).
  • 1930:
    • January 26: Purna Swaraj Day declared.
    • Civil Disobedience Movement began.
    • March 12 - April 6: Dandi March against salt tax.
    • First Round Table Conference (Congress boycotted).
  • 1931:
    • March 5: Gandhi-Irwin Pact.
    • March 23: Execution of Bhagat Singh, Rajguru, and Sukhdev.
    • Second Round Table Conference (Mahatma Gandhi participated).
  • 1932: Communal Award by Ramsay MacDonald; Poona Pact between Mahatma Gandhi and B.R. Ambedkar.
  • 1940: August Offer; Individual Satyagraha (Vinoba Bhave as first Satyagrahi).
  • 1942: August 9: Quit India Movement launched ("Do or Die"); Linlithgow was Viceroy.
  • 1946:
    • March: Cabinet Mission (Pethick Lawrence, A.V. Alexander, Stafford Cripps) proposed Constituent Assembly with 389 seats.
    • December 9: First meeting of Constituent Assembly; Sachchidananda Sinha appointed interim president.
    • December 13: Objective Resolution presented by Jawaharlal Nehru (accepted on January 22, 1947).
  • 1947:
    • June 3: Mountbatten Plan (India-Pakistan partition).
    • July 18: Indian Independence Act.
    • July 22: National Flag adopted.
  • 1949: November 26: Constitution of India adopted.
  • 1950:
    • January 24: National Anthem and National Song adopted.
    • January 26: Constitution of India fully came into force.
    • January 28: Supreme Court of India formed.

Current Affairs (August 2025) ​

Global Health & Diplomacy

  • Sleeping Sickness Eradication: WHO declared Kenya free of Tripanosomiasis (sleeping sickness), making it the 10th African country to achieve this status. The disease is caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma brucei and transmitted by the tsetse fly.
  • Armenia-Azerbaijan Peace Deal: Armenia and Azerbaijan signed an agreement to end their conflict over the Nagorno-Karabakh region. The deal was brokered by US President Donald Trump at the White House. Armenia agreed to relinquish its claim over the Nagorno-Karabakh region.
  • Trump-Putin Meeting: Donald Trump and Vladimir Putin are scheduled to discuss the Ukraine war in Alaska on August 15.

Indian Developments

  • Longest Freight Train: Indian Railways successfully test-ran "Rudrastra," Asia's longest freight train (4.5 km long with 345 wagons), from Chandauli (Uttar Pradesh) to Garhwa (Jharkhand).
  • BEML Rail Hub (Brahma): Defence Minister Rajnath Singh laid the foundation stone for the BEML (Bharat Earth Movers Limited) Rail Hub named "Brahma" in Raisen district, Madhya Pradesh. It will manufacture coaches for Metro, Vande Bharat, and Amrit trains.
  • Animal Stem Cell Bio Bank: Union Minister Dr. Jitendra Singh inaugurated India's first state-of-the-art Animal Stem Cell Bio Bank and Lab at the National Institute of Animal Biotechnology in Hyderabad, Telangana.
  • AU Small Finance Bank: AU Small Finance Bank received RBI approval to become a Universal Bank, allowing it to offer all banking services without previous restrictions. It is headquartered in Jaipur, Rajasthan.
  • Sikkim Government Initiatives:
    • Sikkim CM Prem Singh Tamang launched "Nari Adalat" (Women's Court), "Aama Suvidha Ghar" (Mother's Convenience Home), and "Aama Empowerment Yojana."
    • "Nari Adalat" is a women-led community platform to resolve women-related disputes, particularly domestic violence, in rural areas.
    • "Aama Suvidha Ghar" provides facilities like breastfeeding rooms and crèches for women.
    • "Aama Empowerment Yojana" will provide ₹40,000 to mothers in two installments.
  • Anti-Drug Drone System: Punjab deployed "Baaz Akh" (meaning 'Eagle Eye'), an anti-drone system, to curb cross-border drug smuggling, working with the BSF.
  • Asian Surfing Championship: The 2025 Asian Surfing Championship (4th edition) was held in Mahabalipuram, Tamil Nadu, for the first time in India. Ramesh Budhiyal became the first Indian male to win a medal (bronze) in the Open Men's category.
  • Atal Bihari Vajpayee Seveng Scholarship: Uttar Pradesh cabinet approved this scholarship for Higher Education in Britain. Five meritorious students from UP will receive an annual scholarship for a one-year Master's degree in the UK, covering tuition, living, travel, and research costs, funded by UK's FCDO and partners.

Key Dates & Observances

  • August 10: World Lion Day (celebrated in Vardha Wildlife Sanctuary, Dwarka, Gujarat); World Biofuel Day.
  • August 9: Kakori Train Action Day (100 years in 2025); World Indigenous Peoples Day; Quit India Movement anniversary; World Sanskrit Day (this year).
  • August 7: National Javelin Day; Handloom Day.
  • July 29: World Tiger Day.

Other Specific Updates

  • Global M.S. Swaminathan Award: Adamo Molla (Nigeria).
  • Bogota International Book Fair (38th): India was the special guest of honor.
  • Capacity Building Commission Chairman: S. Radha Chauhan.
  • District Flood Severity Index (IIT Delhi & Gandhinagar): Patna, Bihar, topped the index.
  • I-STEM Catalyst Centre: Launched at NIT Calicut.
  • Top Exporter State (FY 24-25, per FIEO): Gujarat.
  • Fortune's Top 10 Most Powerful Business Leaders (2025): Jensen Huang (NVIDIA CEO) on top.
  • Government e-Marketplace (GeM): Celebrated its 9th foundation day on August 8, 2025 (established 2016).
  • UN Women's Sealit Second Program: Launched in Delhi.
  • Tata Autocomps Acquisition: Acquired IAC Group from Slovakia.
  • First Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor: Commissioned in Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu.
  • World-class Cruise Terminal: Inaugurated in Mumbai.
  • New Turmeric Variety: IISR Soor developed by Kozhikode, Kerala.
  • First Thorium Molten Salt Nuclear Reactor: Approved by China.
  • Sarnath Buddha Relics Display: Displayed for the first time in Vietnam during the UN Vesak Day 25 ceremony.
  • CBI Operation: Operation Hawk dismantled an international online child sexual exploitation network.
  • Prabha Portal: Launched by RBI.
  • AI-Powered Cancer Program: India AI and National Cancer Grid launched a "Catch Grant Program" for AI-powered cancer research, diagnosis, and treatment.
  • First AI Language Model for India: "Sarvam" AI was selected for development.
  • Project Kuiper: Amazon's project for broadband internet via 27 satellites.
  • Officer of the Order of Arts and Letters (France): Awarded to Payal Kapadia.
  • Beyond the Courtroom book: Related to Justice Fali Nariman.
  • Youngest IPL Centurion: Vaibhav Suryavanshi (Rajasthan Royals).
  • DRDO's New Missile Test Range - Navdurga: Foundation laid in Andhra Pradesh.
  • Best Women Footballer (AIFF 24-25): Saumya Gugguloth.
  • Harps Drones (Indian Army - Lahore): Israeli-made drones used to neutralize air defense systems.
  • Test Cricket Retirement: Virat Kohli and Rohit Sharma recently retired.