Nobel Prizes

Nobel Prize General Information:

• Nobel Prize established in 1901, following Alfred Nobel's will from 1895.
• Economics prize added in 1968, first awarded in 1969, established by Sweden's Sveriges Riksbank (Riksbank Award).
• All Nobel Prizes (except Peace) are awarded in Stockholm, Sweden.
• The Peace Nobel Prize is awarded in Oslo, Norway.
• Prizes are presented on December 10th, the anniversary of Alfred Nobel's death.

Nobel Prize 2025 Recipients (as per lecture):

• Physiology or Medicine:
  • Recipients: Mary Brunckov, Friends Remes Dale, Shimon Shakagochi.
  • For: Discovery related to the immune system's tolerance.
  • First awarded (1901): Adolf Von Weiing.
• Physics:
  • Recipients: Michelle S. Deverot, John Clark, John Martis.
  • For: Macroscopic quantum mechanical tunneling in electrical circuits.
  • First awarded (1901): Conrad Röntgen (for X-ray discovery).
• Chemistry:
  • Recipients: Richard Ropson, Umar Yagi, Susum Kitagawa.
  • For: Work on Metal Organic Frameworks (MOF).
  • First awarded (1901): Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff.
• Literature:
  • Recipient: Laszlo Krasznahorkai (Hungarian writer).
  • For: His hypnotic and visionary works.
  • First awarded (1901): Sully Prudhomme.
• Peace:
  • Recipient: Maria Corina Machado (Opposition leader from Venezuela).
  • First awarded (1901): Henry Dunant and Frédéric Passy.
• Economics:
  • Recipients: Joel Mokyr, Philip Aghion, Peter Howitt.
  • For: Identifying conditions for sustainable development through technological progress and the principle of sustainable development through creative destruction.
  • First awarded (1969): Ragnar Frisch and Jan Tinbergen (Dutch).

Indian Nobel Laureates:

• Rabindranath Tagore: Literature, 1913 (Gitanjali); first Indian and first Asian in Literature.
• C.V. Raman: Physics, 1930 (Raman Effect).
• Har Gobind Khorana: Medicine, 1968 (Artificial synthesis of genes, genetic code explanation).
• Mother Teresa: Peace, 1979 (First Indian woman, first Peace Nobel for India).
• Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar: Physics, 1983 (Theoretical studies of stellar structure and evolution, Chandrasekhar Limit).
• Amartya Sen: Economics, 1998 (Concept of Public Welfare State); first Indian in Economics.
• V.S. Naipaul: Literature, 2001 (Book "In a Free State").
• Venkatraman Ramakrishnan: Chemistry, 2009 (Work on ribosome structure).
• Kailash Satyarthi: Peace, 2014 (Shared with Malala Yousafzai; "Bachpan Bachao Andolan").
• Abhijit Banerjee: Economics, 2019 (Efforts to alleviate poverty).

Current Affairs (Reported for 11 November 2025):

Military & Defence:

• Exercise Malabar 2025:
  • Participants: India, USA, Japan, Australia (Quad nations).
  • Location: Guam (Pacific Ocean).
  • India's participation: INS Sahyadri.
  • Type: Naval exercise.
• Minute Man III ICBM Testing:
  • Tested by: USA Air Force.
  • Type: Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM) with 13,000 km range.
  • Capacity: Can carry over 34,000 kg.

Space & Science:

• ISRO's Mangalyaan 2 (Mars Orbiter Mission 2):
  • Launch target: By 2030.
  • Mission type: Orbiter, Lander, and potential Rover (India's first soft landing attempt on Mars).
  • Current ISRO Chairman (as per lecture): V. Narayanan.
  • NISAR: NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar, launched by GSLV F16 for Earth observation.

Banking & Finance:

• AU Small Finance Bank received RBI approval to become a Universal Bank.
• BEML Limited secured its first foreign rail metro contract from Malaysia.

Social Initiatives & Awards:

• UNESCO and India's TVET Initiative (Technical Vocational Education and Training): Launched in South Sudan to address high youth unemployment (73% of population under 30).
• Amm Samman Diwas, Nari Adalat, Aama Suvidha Ghar, and Aama Shakti Yojana launched in Sikkim.
• Time Out's City Life Index 2025: Mumbai ranked as the happiest city in Asia.
• International Architectural Award 2025 received by Gopinath Bardoloi Airport, Assam.
• 18th Urban Mobility India Conference: Held in Gurugram, Haryana. Chennai received the award for Best Public Transport System.
• BSF Tracker Dog Babita received the National Bravery Award for anti-smuggling operations in Amritsar.

International Relations & Agreements:

• India joined the Tropical Forest Forever Facility (TFffF) as an observer. TFffF is a fund established by Brazil for tropical forest conservation.
• Kazakhstan joined the Abraham Accords, a peace agreement mediated by the USA in 2020 between Israel and Arab/Muslim nations.

Other National News:

• Central Government approved four new semiconductor projects with ₹4594 crore budget across Andhra Pradesh, Odisha, and Punjab.
• India's first drone AI-based artificial rain experiment was conducted in Rajasthan (Jamwa Ramgarh dam), using silver iodide, but was unsuccessful.
• Vietnam's EV manufacturer VinFast established its first plant in India in Tamil Nadu.
• MPs' newly constructed Type-VII multi-storey flats in New Delhi were named after rivers (Hooghly, Godavari, Krishna, Kaveri).
• National Water Shed Conference held in Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, focusing on rainwater conservation.
• Adi Chitra, a tribal exhibition, to be held in Mumbai, Maharashtra, on November 15 (Birsa Munda Jayanti).

Important Days:

• November 10: World Vaccination Day (commemorates 1974 Extended Programme on Immunization), World Public Transport Day, and Day for Peace and Development.
• November 9: National Legal Service Day (commemorates establishment of NALSA in 1995).