Modi Cabinet 3.0 Appointments

• Narendra Modi: Prime Minister; Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions; Department of Atomic Energy; Department of Space.
• Rajnath Singh: Defence Minister.
• Amit Shah: Home Minister.
• Nitin Gadkari: Minister of Road Transport and Highways.
• J.P. Nadda: Health Minister.
• Shivraj Singh Chauhan: Minister of Agriculture.
• Nirmala Sitharaman: Finance Minister.
• S. Jaishankar: External Affairs Minister.
• Manohar Lal Khattar: Minister of Housing and Urban Affairs; Minister of Power.
• H.D. Kumaraswamy: Minister of Heavy Industries; Minister of Steel.
• Piyush Goyal: Minister of Commerce and Industry.
• Dharmendra Pradhan: Minister of Education.
• Jitan Ram Manjhi: Minister of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises.
• Lallan Singh: Minister of Panchayati Raj; Minister of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying.
• Sarbananda Sonowal: Minister of Ports, Shipping and Waterways.
• Virendra Kumar: Minister of Social Justice and Empowerment.
• Ram Mohan Naidu: Minister of Civil Aviation (youngest minister).
• Prahlad Joshi: Minister of Consumer Affairs.
• Juel Oram: Minister of Tribal Affairs (replaced Arjun Munda).
• Giriraj Singh: Minister of Textiles.
• Ashwini Vaishnaw: Minister of Railways; Minister of Information and Broadcasting.
• Jyotiraditya Scindia: Minister of Telecommunications; Minister of Development of North Eastern Region.
• Bhupender Yadav: Minister of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.
• Gajendra Singh Shekhawat: Minister of Culture; Minister of Tourism.
• Annapurna Devi: Minister of Women and Child Development (replaced Smriti Irani).
• Kiren Rijiju: Minister of Minority Affairs; Minister of Parliamentary Affairs.
• Hardeep Singh Puri: Minister of Petroleum and Natural Gas.
• Mansukh Mandaviya: Minister of Labour and Employment; Minister of Youth Affairs and Sports.
• G. Kishan Reddy: Minister of Coal and Mines.
• Chirag Paswan: Minister of Food Processing Industries.
• C.R. Patil: Minister of Jal Shakti.

Awards and Recognition

• Václav Havel Prize 2025: Awarded to Ukrainian journalist and human rights activist Maksym Butkevych by the European Council.
• "I Am Giorgia" (Autobiography): Preface written by Prime Minister Narendra Modi for Italian PM Giorgia Meloni's book.
• Russian Vasty Star Award (Cultural Contribution): Awarded to Javed Akhtar.
• Shankar Dev Award (2023): Awarded to Sonal Mansingh (Odisha dancer).
• Food Planet Prize 2025 (Environmental): Awarded to Nitrocaps from Sweden.
• Global News Network's Global Tourism Award 2025: Awarded to Andhra Pradesh Tourism Department for its diverse tourism offerings (religious, natural, cultural, coastal).
• Grand Cross of Makarios III: Cyprus's highest honor awarded to Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
• Tamil Nadu Scientific Award (Environmental): Awarded to Dr. R. Arther James.

Infrastructure and Development

• Huajiang Grand Canyon Bridge (China):
  • World's highest bridge, 2050 feet (625 meters) tall.
  • Length: 2890 meters, built over the Beipan River in Guizhou province.
• India's First Under-Water Museum: Started in Maharashtra.
• World's Largest Container Ship, MSC Irina: Arrived at Vizhinjam port, Kerala.
• Kusum C Project (Solar pumps): Launched in Karnataka.
• Kati Shakti Cargo Terminal (India's largest): Inaugurated by Ashwini Vaishnaw in Manesar, Haryana.

City and District Achievements

• Chandigarh: Declared India's first slum-free city on September 30, 2025, after a 12-year campaign. The last slum, Shahpura Colony, was demolished.
• Balod District (Chhattisgarh): Declared India's first officially child marriage-free district on October 1, 2025, following no reported cases for two years.

Technology and Initiatives

• Gaj Rakshak App: Launched in Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh, by CM Mohan Yadav to monitor elephants via GPS and prevent human-elephant conflict. Project Elephant started in 1992.
• "Citizens Empowered, Corruption Exposed": New motto for the Lokpal institution. The Lokpal Act is from 2013; current chairman is Ajay Manikrao.
• Withut Program (Environmental Restoration): Started by Kerala.
• Rubraast VTOL Drone (Vertical Take-off and Landing): Tested by the Indian Army in Rajasthan.
• ICP V2544: A new heat-tolerant variety of Arhar/Tur dal developed by ICRISAT.

Appointments and Leadership

• Director General of NCC (National Cadet Corps): Lieutenant General Virender Vats (replaced Gurbeer Pal Singh). NCC, established in 1948 based on H.N. Kunzru Committee recommendations, has the motto "Unity and Discipline."
• Global Ambassador for eSports World Club World Cup 2025: Cristiano Ronaldo.
• First Chairperson of International Big Cat Alliance: Dr. Bhupender Yadav.

International Relations and Organizations

• European Union (EU): Established by the Treaty of Rome, has 27 members, HQ in Brussels. Bulgaria is the 21st country to join the Eurozone. UK left via Brexit (Treaty of Lisbon).
• International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO): India re-elected to Part II of the Council.
• G7 Summit 2025: Hosted by Canada.
• 4th United Nations Ocean Conference (2028): To be hosted by Chile and South Korea.

Military Exercises and Operations

• Tiger Kilowatt (Special Joint Exercise): First-time exercise between India and USA.
• Baltops Exercise: NATO exercise involving Baltic Sea countries (Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia).
• Shakti, Varun, Garuda (Joint Military Exercises): Between India and France.
• Operation Rising Lion: Launched by Israel against Iranian nuclear sites.
• Operation True Promise: Launched by Iran against Israel.

Reports and Rankings

• Global Gender Gap Index (World Economic Forum): India's rank is 131.
• Time 100 Next List (2025): Includes Yashasvi Jaiswal as the only cricketer. He also topped Wisden's list of 40 best young cricketers.

Economic and Environmental Data

• New Base Year for GDP: 2022-23.
• Climate-Controlled AC Limit: Indian government set 22-28 degrees Celsius for cars, homes, and hotels.
• Portulaca Bharati: A new flowering plant species discovered in Jaipur.
• Ojhofen: A product from Goa that received a GI tag.

Sports

• UEFA Nations League 2024-25: Won by Portugal.
• World Test Championship 2025: Won by South Africa.
• eSports World Club World Cup 2025: Won by Magnus Carlsen.
• Armand Duplantis: Pole vaulter who broke his own world record.

Observances and Birthdays

• International Day of Non-Violence: Celebrated on October 2, coinciding with Mahatma Gandhi's birthday. UN declared this day in 2007.
  • Mahatma Gandhi: Born October 2, 1869 (Porbandar, Gujarat); Died January 30, 1948 (observed as Shaheed Diwas). Authored "Hind Swaraj" and "My Experiment with Truth." Established Sabarmati Ashram in Ahmedabad.
• Lal Bahadur Shastri's Birthday: Celebrated on October 2.
  • Born October 2, 1904 (Mughalsarai, UP). India's second Prime Minister. Coined "Jai Jawan, Jai Kisan." Died in Tashkent, 1966. First recipient of Bharat Ratna posthumously (1966).
• International Coffee Day: Celebrated on October 1. Brazil is the world leader in coffee production; Karnataka leads in India.
• Integrated Defence Staff Day: Celebrated on October 1, marking its 25th anniversary (established October 1, 2001).

Other Current Affairs

• Joseph Kabila: Former President of Congo Democratic Republic (Zaire), received capital punishment for treason and war crimes.
• Air India AI71 Accident: Investigation into the Boeing Starliner crash (London to Ahmedabad) is led by India's Home Secretary, Govind Mohan.