Transcript Summaries (1963 chunks)

Constitutional Amendment Provisions

• Constitutional Part: The provisions regarding constitutional amendments are mentioned in Part 20 of the Constitution.
• Source of Provision: The provisions for constitutional amendments were adopted from the Constitution of South Africa.
• Relevant Article: Article 368 pertains to constitutional amendments.
  • A constitutional amendment begins as a bill.
  • Once the bill is passed by Parliament and signed by the President, it becomes an Act.
• Status of Amendments: As of now, 106 constitutional amendment Acts have been passed.
• Constitutional Amendment Bill (129th): The 129th Constitutional Amendment Bill was introduced recently, which pertains to the "One Nation, One Election" proposal.

First Constitutional Amendment Act (1951)

• Year: 1951.
• Key Provision: Addition of the Ninth Schedule to the Constitution.
• Subject Matter: Land reforms.
• Prime Minister: Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru was the Prime Minister of India at the time.

Seventh Constitutional Amendment Act (1956)

• Year: 1956.
• Subject Matter: Related to the State Reorganization Commission.

Twenty-First Constitutional Amendment Act (1967)

• Year: 1967.
• Subject Matter: Pertains to the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution.
• Eighth Schedule Addition: The 15th language added to the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution was Sindhi.

Twenty-Sixth Constitutional Amendment Act (1971)

• Prime Minister: Indira Gandhi was the Prime Minister of India at the time of this amendment.
• Privy Purse: This amendment abolished the "Privy Purse," which was a pension-like amount provided to the kings and maharajas.

Thirty-Sixth Constitutional Amendment Act (1975)

• Statehood for Sikkim: Sikkim was granted the status of a full state within India.
• Year: This amendment was enacted in 1975.

Forty-Second Constitutional Amendment Act (1976)

• Mini-Constitution: This amendment is referred to as the "Mini-Constitution" or "Laghu Samvidhan."
• Scope of Changes: Significant changes were made to the Constitution under the leadership of Indira Gandhi.
• Preamble Amendment: The Preamble was amended for the first time under this act.
• Additions to Preamble: Three words were added to the Preamble.
• Additions to Preamble: The three words added to the Preamble are:
  • Socialism (Samajwad)
  • Secularism (Panthnirpekshta)
  • Integrity (Akhandata)
• Part IV-A: This part was added to the Constitution.
  • Part IV-A relates to Fundamental Duties.
  • The addition was based on the recommendations of the Sardar Swaran Singh Committee.
  • These duties are covered under Article 51A.
• Article 39A: This article was added to the Constitution, which pertains to free legal aid (Nishulk Kanooni Sahayata).
• Article 48A: This article was added to the Constitution, which pertains to the protection and improvement of the environment and safeguarding of forests.
  • It includes Article 323A and Article 323B.
  • These articles relate to Tribunals (Nyayadhikaran).
• Transfer of Subjects: Under this amendment, certain subjects were removed from the State List and transferred to the Concurrent List.
• Transfer of Subjects: The following five subjects were transferred from the State List to the Concurrent List:
  • Education (शिक्षा)
  • Forests (वन)
  • Protection of wild animals and birds (वन्य जीव)
  • Weights and measures (मापतोल की पद्धति)
  • Administration of justice (न्याय प्रशासन)

Forty-Fourth Constitutional Amendment Act (1978)

• Right to Property: The Right to Property was removed from the category of Fundamental Rights.
• Legal Status: Under Article 300, it was reclassified as a legal or statutory right (विधिक अधिकार).

Fifty-Second Constitutional Amendment Act (1985)

• Addition of Schedule: The 10th Schedule was added to the Constitution.
• Purpose: It was introduced to prevent defection (anti-defection law).
• Prime Minister: Rajiv Gandhi was the Prime Minister of India at the time of this amendment.

Sixty-First Constitutional Amendment Act (1989)

• Prime Minister: Rajiv Gandhi was the Prime Minister of India at the time of this amendment.
• Voting Age: The age for exercising the right to vote was reduced from 21 years to 18 years.

Sixty-Ninth Constitutional Amendment Act (1991)

• Subject: This amendment pertains to Delhi.
• Constitutional Provision: It introduced Article 239AA.
• Council of Ministers: In the case of Delhi, the number of ministers is limited to 10% of the total number of members, as opposed to the 15% limit generally applicable to the council of ministers.

Seventieth Constitutional Amendment Act (1992)

• Presidential Election: This amendment provides for the inclusion of elected MLAs from Delhi and Puducherry in the presidential election.

Seventy-First Constitutional Amendment Act (1992)

• Eighth Schedule: Three new languages were added to the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution.
• Languages Added: The three languages added to the Eighth Schedule are Nepali, Manipuri, and Konkani.
• Total Languages: With these additions, the total number of languages in the Eighth Schedule reached 18.

Seventy-Third Constitutional Amendment Act (1992)

• Implementation Date: This amendment came into force in India on April 24, 1993.
  • Part Added: Part IX was added to the Constitution.
  • Articles Added: Articles 243 to 243-O were added.
  • Schedule Added: The 11th Schedule was added.
  • The amendment introduced 29 subjects.
  • It relates to Panchayati Raj, rural self-governance, and local government.

Seventy-Fourth Constitutional Amendment Act

• Purpose: This amendment pertains to urban bodies (nagar nikay).
• Part Added: Part IX-A was added to the Constitution.
• Schedule Added: The 12th Schedule was added.

Eighty-Sixth Constitutional Amendment Act (2002)

• Article Added: Article 21-A was added to the Constitution.
• Provision: It established the Right to Education as a fundamental right.
• Fundamental Duties: The 11th fundamental duty was added to the Constitution through this amendment under Article 51-A.

Eighty-Ninth Constitutional Amendment Act (2003)

• National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST): This amendment led to the formation of the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes.
• Article Added: Article 338-A was inserted into the Constitution.
• Context: Article 338 pertains to the National Commission for Scheduled Castes, while the new Article 338-A specifically addresses the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes.

Ninety-First Constitutional Amendment Act (2003)

• Council of Ministers: This amendment established provisions regarding the size of the Council of Ministers.
  • Center: The size of the Council of Ministers at the center is limited to 15% of the total membership of the Lok Sabha.
  • State: The size of the Council of Ministers in the states is limited to 15% of the total membership of the Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha).

Ninety-Second Constitutional Amendment Act (2003)

• Eighth Schedule: Four new languages were added to the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution.
• Languages Added: Bodo, Dogri, Maithili, and Santhali.
• Total Languages: With this addition, the total number of languages in the Eighth Schedule became 22.

Ninety-Seventh Constitutional Amendment Act (2011)

• Cooperative Societies: This amendment is related to cooperative societies (cooperative committees).
• Constitutional Addition: Part IX-B was added to the Constitution.
• Directive Principles: Article 43B was added to the Constitution.

Ninety-Ninth Constitutional Amendment Act (2014)

• National Judicial Appointments Commission (NJAC): This amendment established a new commission called the National Judicial Appointments Commission (Rashtriya Nyayik Niyukti Aayog).
• Judicial Status: The Supreme Court declared this amendment unconstitutional and subsequently struck it down.
• Uniqueness: It is the only constitutional amendment to date that has been declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court.
• NJAC and Collegium: The amendment was introduced by the Central Government to establish the National Judicial Appointments Commission (NJAC) as a replacement for the existing collegium system for judicial appointments. The Supreme Court rejected this change.

One-Hundredth Constitutional Amendment Act (2015)

• Subject Matter: This amendment is related to the Teen Bigha Corridor.
• Subject Matter: This amendment pertains to the agreement regarding the Teen Bigha Corridor between India and Bangladesh.

One-Hundred-First Constitutional Amendment Act

• Subject Matter: This amendment relates to the Goods and Services Tax (GST).

One-Hundred-Third Constitutional Amendment Act (2019)

• Subject Matter: This amendment provides for the Economically Weaker Section (EWS) category.
• Reservation: It grants 10% reservation to the economically weaker sections of society.
• Constitutional Additions: This amendment introduced two new articles into the Constitution: Article 15(6) and Article 16(6).

Goods and Services Tax (GST)

• Implementation Date: GST was implemented in India on July 1, 2017.

One-Hundred-Fourth Constitutional Amendment Act

• SC/ST Reservation: The reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes (SC) and Scheduled Tribes (ST) in the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies was extended for a further period of 10 years.
• Anglo-Indian Reservation: The reservation for the Anglo-Indian community was terminated.
• Scope of Termination: This included the two seats previously reserved in the Lok Sabha and the one seat reserved in the State Legislative Assemblies.

One-Hundred-Fifth Constitutional Amendment Act

• Contextual Background: This amendment relates to the 102nd Constitutional Amendment Act.
• Article 338B: Under the 102nd Constitutional Amendment Act, Article 338B was introduced.
• National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC): The 102nd Constitutional Amendment Act led to the establishment of the National Commission for Backward Classes (Rashtriya Pichhda Varg Aayog).
• Determination of OBC Categories: The responsibility to decide which castes are to be included within the Other Backward Classes (OBC) category lies with the State.
• Constitutional Provision: This authority of the State is specified under the 105th Constitutional Amendment Act.

One-Hundred-Sixth Constitutional Amendment Act

• Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam: This act is associated with the 106th Constitutional Amendment Act.
• Objective: The Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam relates to the reservation of seats for women.
• Implementation: The act will be implemented following the completion of the census and the delimitation process.

One-Hundred-Twenty-Ninth Constitutional Amendment Bill

• Status: This bill was recently introduced in Parliament.

One-Hundred-Thirty-Ninth Constitutional Amendment Bill

• Objective: This bill is associated with the "One Nation, One Election" initiative.
• Committee: The proposal was examined by a committee headed by Ram Nath Kovind.
• Status: The bill has been introduced in Parliament.

USA-Saudi Arabia Nuclear Cooperation Agreement

• The United States of America (USA) has entered into a peaceful nuclear cooperation agreement with Saudi Arabia.
• The USA has signed a peaceful nuclear cooperation agreement with an Arab country.
• Donald Trump has signed a landmark agreement with Saudi Arabia.
• The agreement is specifically related to peaceful nuclear cooperation.
• The agreement allows Saudi Arabia and other Gulf countries to perform uranium enrichment.
• Uranium enrichment has two primary applications:
  • Use in nuclear reactors (nuclear power plants).
  • Use in the production of atom bombs.
  • Nuclear Reactors: Used for the generation of power (electricity).
  • Nuclear Weapons: Used for the creation of atom bombs, specifically for the purpose of destruction.
  • Both applications require "enriched uranium."
  • The specific isotope identified for this use is Uranium-235.
• Nature of the Agreement: The deal permits Gulf countries to use enriched uranium for peaceful purposes.
• USA Authorization: The USA has granted permission to Saudi Arabia regarding the use of enriched uranium.
• Security Concerns: There is a potential risk that the enriched uranium provided for peaceful purposes (such as electricity generation) could be diverted for the creation of nuclear weapons, similar to the concerns previously raised regarding Iran's nuclear program.
• Scope of Use: The agreement covers the "non-military" (civilian) use of uranium, specifically for the purpose of generating electricity.

Appointment of NITI Aayog CEO

• IAS officer Anurag Jain has been appointed as the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of NITI Aayog.
• Appointment: A new Chief Executive Officer (CEO) has been appointed to NITI Aayog.
• Anurag Jain has been appointed as the new CEO of NITI Aayog.

PLI Auto Scheme

• Maharashtra has secured the top position under the Ministry of Heavy Industries' PLI Auto Scheme.
• The state achieved this ranking with 66 manufacturing units.
• The scheme is under the Ministry of Heavy Industries.
• It is related to the automobile sector.
• The state that achieved the top position nationwide under this scheme has 66 manufacturing units.
• Full Form: Production Linked Incentive.
• Objective: To encourage the establishment of manufacturing units and promote domestic production.
• Government Role: The Government of India provides incentives (protsahan) or assistance to entities that set up manufacturing units and engage in production.
• Manufacturing Unit Rankings: Maharashtra holds the first position in the establishment of manufacturing units under the PLI scheme.
• Unit Count: A total of 66 manufacturing units have been established in Maharashtra.
• Source of Data: The data is provided by the Ministry of Heavy Industries.
• Minister: H.D. Kumaraswamy is the Minister of Heavy Industries.
• Data Presentation: The data regarding the scheme was presented in the Lok Sabha by the Minister.
• National Unit Count: A total of 225 manufacturing units have been established across India under this scheme.
• Maharashtra Performance: Maharashtra holds the first position with 55 units established.

E-Commerce Council of India

• The IAMAI has officially launched the E-Commerce Council of India in Bengaluru.
• Formation: The E-Commerce Council of India has been established for e-commerce companies.
• Organizing Body: The council was launched by the Internet and Mobile Association of India (IAMAI).
• Scope: The council is intended to serve e-commerce companies, with examples mentioned including Amazon, Flipkart, Meesho, and Rapido.
• Launch Location: The council was launched in Bengaluru.
  • To strengthen the e-commerce sector.
  • To enhance transparency in online shopping.
  • To increase accountability within the sector.
• Purpose: The council was established to strengthen e-commerce companies and increase their accountability.
• Grievance Redressal: It serves as a platform for consumers to address issues or problems encountered with e-commerce companies.
• Scope of Companies: The council covers various e-commerce entities, including:
  • Amazon
  • Flipkart
  • Meesho
  • Rapido
  • Shiprocket (used for delivery services, such as the delivery of books)
• Objective: The council was established to increase the market reach of e-commerce companies and to strengthen their supply chains.
• Establishment: The council is to be established in Bengaluru.

Indian Railway Electrification

• India has become the world's second-largest electrified railway network.
• The country has achieved 99.6% electrification of its broad gauge network.
• Broad Gauge Electrification Status: 99.6% of the Indian broad gauge railway network has been electrified.
• Operational Status: Trains on this network are now operating using electricity.
• Safety Advisory: Indian Railways advises against traveling on the roof of trains because the overhead wires are electrified and carry current.
• Operational Mechanism: Trains are connected to overhead wires via a mechanism that draws electricity to power the train.
• Broad Gauge Electrification Status: 99.6% of the broad gauge network in India has been electrified.
• Global Ranking: India holds the second position globally in terms of broad gauge network electrification.
• Global Leader: Switzerland ranks first globally, having achieved 100% electrification of its network.
• Electrification Progress (2014–2026): Indian Railways has completed the electrification of 48,721 kilometers of its network between the years 2014 and 2026.
  • Reduction in the usage of coal.
  • Reduction in the usage of diesel.
  • Decrease in the consumption of fossil fuels.
  • Reduction in imports, as these resources are not available domestically.
  • Decrease in carbon emissions.
• The Indian railway network has achieved 99.6% electrification.

National Broadcasting Day

• National Broadcasting Day was observed on July 23.
• National Broadcasting Day is celebrated on July 23.
• The date was chosen because the first radio broadcasting service in the country commenced on July 23, 1927.
• The inaugural broadcast originated from the Bombay station.

Prakriti Cafe

• Prakriti Cafe was inaugurated in the national capital to promote healthy eating habits.
• A 'Prakriti Cafe' has been launched to promote healthy eating habits inspired by Ayush Aahar.
• The cafe was inaugurated by Pratap Rao Jadhav, the Minister of State for the Ministry of Ayush.
• Location: The cafe was inaugurated in New Delhi.
• Objective: It was established to promote healthy eating habits, specifically by encouraging the consumption of balanced and nutritious diets.
• Inauguration Location: The cafe was inaugurated within the Ayush Bhawan in New Delhi.

Ministry of Coal Report on Mine Closure

• The Ministry of Coal launched India's first report titled 'Aaroh'.
• The report focuses on scientific methods for mine closure and repurposing.

Women's Sailing Expedition

• India's first tri-service women's sailing expedition was launched.
• An expedition involving women from all three armed forces has set a record for circumnavigating the globe.
• The Defence Minister, Rajnath Singh, addressed the event via video conferencing from Mumbai.
• Defence Minister Rajnath Singh welcomed the first women's sailing expedition via video conferencing from Mumbai.
• This expedition achieved the feat of circumnavigating the globe using a ship.
• The expedition involved female personnel from all three wings of the armed forces: the Army, Air Force, and Navy.
• This mission is recognized as the first women-led sailing expedition to circumnavigate the globe.
• The expedition consisted of a total of 15 women.
• Vessel Used: The expedition utilized a vessel named 'Triveni'.
• Scope: The program covered four oceans.
• Duration: The expedition lasted for 314 days.
• Distance Covered: The total distance traveled was 22,500 nautical miles.
• Participants: The expedition was conducted by 15 women.
• Program Name: The initiative was titled 'Samudra Pradakshina'.
• Expedition Leader: Lieutenant Colonel Anuja Varudkar.
• Vessel Name: The expedition used a vessel named 'Triveni'.
  • Duration: 314 days.
  • Distance covered: 22,500 nautical miles.
  • Geographic coverage: Four oceans.
• Starting Point: The expedition commenced from Mumbai.
• Conclusion: The expedition concluded upon returning to Mumbai.
• Visual Documentation: Official imagery features the Indian Defence Minister alongside the vessel 'Triveni' with the caption "Triveni Returns Home."
• Composition: The crew consisted entirely of women.

Samudra Pradakshina Sailing Expedition

• The 'Samudra Pradakshina' expedition has created history by circumnavigating the globe.

Sangram Singh

• Sangram Singh has become the first Indian to win the MMA Asian Championship title by defeating a Pakistani fighter.
• Sangram Singh is identified as the correct answer (Option B).

Gems of India Challenge

• Union Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw has launched the pilot phase of the 'Gems of India Challenge'.
• The pilot phase of the challenge was launched by Union Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw.
• The initiative aims to promote the "Orange Economy."
• The Orange Economy is defined as a focus on promoting creativity, including skills such as content creation, camera handling, and videography.
• The challenge is intended for individuals such as YouTubers and bloggers.
• Submission Period: Creators can submit original videos from August 1, 2026, to August 31, 2026.
• Submission Platform: Entries must be submitted via the 'My Web' section of the 'Webs OTT' platform.
• Video Specifications: Participants are required to submit original videos with a duration of 1 to 3 minutes.
  • District Level: ₹50,000
  • State Level: ₹2 lakh
  • National Level: ₹5 lakh

123 Agreement (India-USA)

• Nature of Agreement: The "123 Agreement" is a pact between India and the USA.
• Timeline: The agreement was signed in 2008.
• Leadership: At the time of the agreement, Manmohan Singh was the Prime Minister of India.
• Objective: The primary purpose of the agreement was to enable the use of enriched uranium for the generation of electricity (civilian/non-military use).

India-Saudi Arabia Nuclear Cooperation Agreement

• Agreement Status: India has signed a nuclear cooperation deal with Saudi Arabia.

Appointment of Chief Minister of Puducherry

• New Appointment: President Droupadi Murmu has appointed N. Rangasamy as the new Chief Minister of Puducherry.

Uranium Atomic Number

• Atomic Number: The atomic number of uranium is 92.

International Big Cat Alliance

• New Membership: Saudi Arabia has joined the International Big Cat Alliance as its 26th member.
• New Membership: Bangladesh has joined the International Big Cat Alliance as its 27th member.

PM MITRA Park in Warangal

• Location: Prime Minister Modi inaugurated a PM MITRA park in Warangal, Telangana.
• Purpose: The park is established for the textile industry.

NITI Aayog Establishment and Structure

• Full Form: National Institution for Transforming India.
• Predecessor: It replaced the Planning Commission (established in 1950).
• Establishment Date: January 1, 2015.
• Legal Status: It was established via an order; no act was passed, and no constitutional amendment was made.
• Head: The Prime Minister of India serves as the head of NITI Aayog.
• Head: The Prime Minister of India serves as the head (Chairman) of NITI Aayog.

NITI Aayog Vice-Chairperson

• Current Vice-Chairperson: Ashok Lahiri.
• The current Vice-Chairperson replaced Suman Bery.

NITI Aayog CEO Appointment

• IAS officer Anurag Jain has been appointed as the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of NITI Aayog.
• Nidhi Chhibber has been removed from the position of holding additional charge as CEO.
• IAS officer Anurag Jain (1989 batch) has been appointed as the new Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of NITI Aayog.

NITI Aayog Full-Time Members

• Rajiv Gauba is currently a full-time member of NITI Aayog.
• The full-time members of NITI Aayog include:
  • Rajiv Gauba
  • KV Raju
  • Govardhan Das
  • Srinivas
  • Abhay Karandikar

Atal Innovation Mission (AIM)

• This is a mission under NITI Aayog.
• The mission has been the subject of a question asked by the UPSC regarding its initiation.
• The mission facilitates the establishment of Tinkering Labs within schools.
• It aims to promote science and technology.

Aspirational Districts Programme

• This program was initiated by NITI Aayog.
• It focuses on districts that have not achieved significant development.

National Commission for Minorities

• Harjit Singh Grewal has been appointed as the head of the National Commission for Minorities.

Solicitor General of India

• Tushar Mehta is the Solicitor General of India.

Carbon-Absorbing Algae Tree

• India's first carbon-absorbing algae tree has been developed in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh.
• It serves as a carbon sink.

Presidency of Lara Verjania

• Lara Verjania has taken the oath as the second female president of a country.
• Lara Verjania is the president of Costa Rica.

Kimberley Process Intersessional Meeting 2026

• The meeting was held in Mumbai, India, under India's presidency.

Maharashtra Deputy Chief Ministers

• Current Status: There are currently two Deputy Chief Ministers in Maharashtra.
• Identified Official: Devendra Fadnavis is one of the Deputy Chief Ministers.
• Eknath Shinde: Identified as one of the Deputy Chief Ministers of Maharashtra.
• Sumitra Pawar: Identified as the first female Deputy Chief Minister of Maharashtra.

ICGS Achal Commissioning

• Commissioning Location: The Indian Coast Guard Ship (ICGS) Achal, an indigenous Fast Patrol Vessel, was commissioned in Goa.

Supreme Court 'One Case One Data' Project and 'Susahaya' Chatbot

• Launch: The Supreme Court of India launched the 'One Case One Data' project and the AI-powered chatbot named 'Susahaya'.

Supreme Court Infrastructure Improvement Panel

• Objective: A panel was constituted by the Supreme Court to improve court infrastructure across the country.
• Chairperson: The panel is headed by Arvind Kumar.

Internet and Mobile Association of India

• Location: The organization is based in Mumbai.
• Establishment: It was established in the year 2004.

2026 British Academy Television Awards

• Best Drama Series: The award was given to "Code of Silence."

La Liga 2026

• Tournament Type: It is a football tournament.
• Winner: The Barcelona team won the tournament.

Chief Minister of Kerala

• New Chief Minister: V.D. Satheesan.

Global Railway Electrification Ranking

• India holds the second rank globally in terms of the most electrified railway network.
• Switzerland holds the first rank.

India's First Hydrogen Train

• India's first hydrogen train operates between Jind and Sonipat in the state of Haryana.

Indian Railway Broad Gauge Electrification

• The broad gauge network has been electrified.

European T20 Premier League Dublin Franchise

• Rahul Dravid is the owner of the Dublin franchise.

Book 'Apnapan'

• The book 'Apnapan' was unveiled by Shivraj Singh Chouhan, the current Union Minister of Agriculture.

Kalam aur Kavach (Defence Literature Festival)

• The third edition of 'Kalam aur Kavach', a defence literature festival, was held in Delhi.
• The event was unveiled by Sanjay Seth, the Union Minister of State for Defence.

Prime Minister's Instagram Video for Gen Z

• The Prime Minister posted a video on Instagram at 12:00 AM.
• The video was specifically created for the "Gen Z" generation.
• The video was recorded in a casual format rather than using a teleprompter.

Social Media Commentary on Tear Gas

• A video was observed featuring an individual claiming to have experienced a tear gas shell for the first time.
• The individual described the tear gas as containing "0% ethanol" with no mixtures.

Giorgia Meloni's Social Media Post (July 23)

• On July 23, Giorgia Meloni made a social media post.
• The comment section of this post was filled with comments from individuals from India.
• The comments contained negative remarks regarding Narendra Modi, specifically advising Meloni against marrying him.

All India Radio (AIR) Renaming

• In 1936, the name of the broadcasting service was changed to All India Radio (AIR).

Akashvani as National Broadcaster

• In 1956, Akashvani was established as the national broadcaster.

Vividh Bharati Program

• The Vividh Bharati program was started in 1957.

Akashvani Tagline

• The official tagline of Akashvani is "Bahujan Hitaya, Bahujan Sukhaya."

Prasar Bharati Organization

• All India Radio (AIR) and Doordarshan fall under the purview of Prasar Bharati.

Broadcasting History Milestones

• July 23, 1927: The first radio broadcast in India commenced from Bombay.
• 1936: All India Radio was established.
• 1956: Akashvani adopted the tagline "Bahujan Hitaya, Bahujan Sukhaya."

High-Speed Railway Corridor Approval

• Approval for the development of a high-speed railway corridor has been granted in Gujarat.

Donanemab Medical Drug

• India has launched the medical drug 'Donanemab'.
• The drug is associated with the treatment of Alzheimer's, a brain disease characterized by memory loss.

Satellite-Tagged Soft-Shell Turtle

• India's first satellite-tagged soft-shell turtle has been released in the Kaziranga National Park, located in Assam.

Bhojshala Complex Status

• The Madhya Pradesh High Court (Jabalpur) has declared the Bhojshala complex as a Hindu complex.

Ayush Ministry Acronym

• The term 'Ayush' stands for:
  • A: Ayurveda
  • Y: Yoga
  • U: Unani
  • S: Siddha
• The acronym 'AYUSH' includes:
  • H: Homeopathy

Royal Order of the Polar Star

• This is identified as the highest honor of a country (the specific country name is not mentioned in the current text).
• The full title of the award is "Royal Order of the Polar Star Commander Grand Cross."
• This award is the highest honor of Sweden.

Highest National Awards Conferred to the Prime Minister of India

• The Prime Minister of India has received the highest national awards from the following countries:
  • Sweden
  • Norway
  • Slovakia
  • Seychelles
  • Indonesia

World Health Assembly (79th Edition)

• The 79th edition of the World Health Assembly was held in Geneva, Switzerland.

ICICI Bank USD-Denominated Debit Card

• ICICI Bank has launched India's first USD-denominated debit card.
• The card was launched in collaboration with Visa.

Aroho Report

• The Aroho Report was released for the first time.
• The report was issued by the Ministry of Coal.
• The report was released from Delhi.
• The report serves as an annual report regarding the closure of coal mines.
• It documents the process of closing coal mines after the extraction of coal is completed.
• The report provides information on whether the mines were closed properly and details the subsequent use of the land after the closure.
• Purpose: The report documents the "repurposing" of land after the closure of mines, specifically detailing how the land is utilized after mining operations cease.
• Issuing Authority: The report is issued by the Ministry of Coal.
• Key Official: The report was released by G. Kishan Reddy.
• Significance: It is identified as India's first scientific mine closure report.

Minister of Coal

• The Minister of Coal is G. Kishan Reddy.

Scientific Mine Closure

• The process of closing mines must be conducted using scientific methods.

National Human-Wildlife Conflict Research Center

• The center is announced to be established in Jharkhand.

SME-Led Semiconductor Chip Manufacturing Facility

• The first SME-led semiconductor chip manufacturing facility has been started in Bhiwadi.

E-Sports World Cup 2026

• The first Indian Grandmaster to secure a spot in the E-Sports World Cup 2026 was mentioned.

Aravindh Chithambaram

• Aravindh Chithambaram is identified as the individual associated with the E-Sports World Cup.

Central Zonal Council Meeting

• The meeting of the Central Zonal Council was held in Chhattisgarh.

Central Information Commission (CIC) and RTI Act

• Exclusion: The Central Information Commission has excluded the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) from the purview of the Right to Information (RTI) Act.

India's First Air Train

• Location: The country's first air train is located in Delhi.

International Booker Award

• The award was mentioned in the context of "Taiwan Travelogue."

Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Agricola Medal

• The Agricola Medal was awarded to Prime Minister Narendra Modi.

Asian Wrestling Championship

• The transcript notes a query regarding the first Indian to win the title at the Asian Wrestling Championship.
• Venue: The competition was held in Malaysia.
• Winner: Sangram Singh of India emerged as the winner.
• Significance: Sangram Singh is the first Indian to become the winner of this championship.
• Opponent: Sangram Singh defeated Mohammad Abid Ali of Pakistan.
• Match Duration: Sangram Singh defeated Mohammad Abid Ali in 1 minute and 20 seconds.

Protest Incident in Bihar

• Event Context: A protest occurred in Bihar featuring a "Mahabharata" theme, where participants were described as warriors engaged in a conflict.
• Police Action: Police utilized water cannons against the protesters.
  • Protesters engaged in dancing while being sprayed with water.
  • Protesters removed and took away the barricades that had been installed by the police.
  • A tug-of-war situation occurred involving ropes, with protesters pulling from one side and the police pulling from the other.

Protest Incident in Uttar Pradesh

• Akhilesh Yadav and other leaders were taken into custody in a bus.
• Following their detention, the leaders climbed onto the roof of the bus.
• The leaders effectively hijacked the bus in which they were being transported.

Mayank Yadav T20 Debut

• Mayank Yadav took a wicket on the very first ball of his T20 career during a match against Zimbabwe.
• He is the third Indian player to achieve the feat of taking a wicket on the first ball of their T20 career.
• Arshdeep Singh and Hardik Pandya are the other two Indian players who have previously achieved this feat.

Iya Krish Mount Toubkal Expedition

• Individual: Iya Krish, an 8-year-old girl from Kerala.
• Achievement: Successfully climbed and conquered Mount Toubkal.
• Geographic Location: Mount Toubkal is located in Morocco, on the continent of Africa.
• Record: With this feat, she has become the youngest mountaineer in the entire continent of Asia to conquer Mount Toubkal.

Sangram Singh MMA Match

• Sangram Singh defeated a player from Pakistan in 1 minute and 20 seconds.

India-Italy Culture and Tourism Year

• India has declared a year as the Year of Culture and Tourism in collaboration with Italy.

Book 'All Time Favourite Friendship Stories'

• The book is authored by Ruskin Bond.

Manindra Agrawal Royal Society Award

• Manindra Agrawal, the Director of IIT Kanpur, received the Royal Society Award in London.
• The award was conferred for his contribution to the field of theoretical mathematics.

2026 Goddard Astronautics Award

• The award has been conferred upon Chandrayaan-3.

Current Affairs Revision Class

• A revision class covering the last one to one-and-a-half years of current affairs is scheduled for Sunday at 8:00 PM.
• The session is part of a series titled "Saat Pheron Ki Series" (Seven Rounds Series), which will be conducted over seven classes.
• A revision class covering current affairs from the past one to one-and-a-half years is scheduled.
• The class will be held on July 26 at 8:00 PM.
• The session will be conducted on the "Railway Utkarsh" platform.

Gaganyaan GK/GS Batch

• The batch is for GK and GS subjects.
• It is scheduled to commence on August 5.
• The batch offers a validity period of one-and-a-half years.
• The course includes a rapid-fire revision consisting of 120 classes.
• The batch is currently available at two price points: 379 and 629.
• The Shiv Shakti, Tiranga, and Brahmastra batches are included for free with this purchase.
• These additional free batches will be removed from the offer once the price of the Gaganyaan batch changes.

Monsoon Offer

• The offer provides up to 90% off, with an additional discount of up to 15%.
• Live courses are available for free alongside the purchase of recorded courses.

Utkarsh Bookshala Discounts

• Discounts are available on all books, including the Current Affairs half-yearly (Ardh-Varshikank) book.

Tiger Lightning Exercise

• The Tiger Lightning exercise has been initiated between Bangladesh and the USA.

WTO Fisheries Subsidy

• India has become a member of the WTO fisheries subsidy agreement.

23rd Commonwealth Games

• The 23rd edition of the Commonwealth Games has commenced.

Right to Protest

• The right to protest is covered under Article 19 of the Constitution.

Khavda Solar Park Vanadium Flow Battery Project

• India's first 10 MWh Vanadium Flow Battery project is set to be established at the Khavda Solar Park in Gujarat.

Social Media Ban for Minors

• France has implemented a ban on social media for children under the age of 15.

BRICS Health Ministers' Meeting

• The meeting of BRICS health ministers was held in Chandigarh.

First AI-Powered Bird Sanctuary

• The first AI-powered bird sanctuary is set to be established.

National Flag Day

• National Flag Day is observed on July 22.

Grandmaster Alireza Firouzja

• Alireza Firouzja is a Grandmaster based in France.

High-Level Technical Expert Committee on Labour Statistics

• A high-level technical expert committee on labour statistics has been constituted.

Commonwealth Games Coverage

• Questions regarding the Commonwealth Games will commence today.
• The inauguration of the event took place yesterday.
• Students are advised to track the results and compile all relevant sources onto a single page to complete their study of the Commonwealth Games.

Gaganyaan Batch Features

• The batch provides a comprehensive revision of GK/GS.
• The curriculum includes 120 classes covering complete GK/GS.
• The course focuses on exam-oriented questions, NCERT content, and previous year questions (PYQs).

Aarambh Batch Features

• This is a mathematics foundation batch consisting of over 300 hours of content.
• The objective of the batch is to strengthen the student's foundation.

Batch Enrollment and Offers

• Both the Gaganyaan and Aarambh batches are available on the Utkarsh app.
• The batches are currently offered with a significant discount.
• The validity period for these batches is one and a half years.

Prime Batch Inclusions

• The Prime batch includes the following study materials:
  • Mathematics Formula Book.
  • Current Affairs Rasgulla Book.
  • New edition of the GK/GS book.
  • Topic-wise Mathematics Previous Year Questions (PYQs).

Batch Enrollment and Pricing

• The batches are currently available at their lowest price to date.
• Students have the option to purchase individual batches (GK/GS or Mathematics) or a combo pack.
• A special discount is being offered on the combo pack.
• Students already enrolled in the Brahmastra 4.0, Brahmastra, or Shiv Shakti batches are eligible for an additional ₹100 discount.
• Classes for these batches are scheduled to commence on August 5.

GK, GS, and Mathematics Batch Objectives

• The batches are intended to serve as the final solution for students' requirements in GK, GS, and Mathematics.